{"id":21138,"date":"2019-09-10T12:36:00","date_gmt":"2019-09-10T12:36:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/fuego-deforestacion-brasil\/"},"modified":"2024-09-19T16:23:53","modified_gmt":"2024-09-19T16:23:53","slug":"fuego-deforestacion-brasil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/es\/fuego-deforestacion-brasil\/","title":{"rendered":"MAAP #109: Fuego y Deforestaci\u00f3n en la Amazonia Brasile\u00f1a, 2019"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/a>
Mapa Base. 2019 Hotspots de Deforestaci\u00f3n y fuego en la Amazon\u00eda brasile\u00f1a. Datos: UMD\/GLAD, NASA (MODIS), PRODES<\/div><\/div>\n

Los fuegos en la Amazon\u00eda brasile\u00f1a<\/strong> han sido objeto de intensa atenci\u00f3n mundial durante el \u00faltimo mes.<\/p>\n

Como parte de nuestra cobertura en curso<\/a>, vamos un paso m\u00e1s all\u00e1 y analizamos la relaci\u00f3n\u00a0entre el fuego y la deforestaci\u00f3n <\/strong>en el 2019.<\/p>\n

Primero, presentamos un nuevo Mapa Base 2019 <\/strong>que muestra tanto los hotspots de fuego <\/strong>como los hotspots de la<\/strong> deforestaci\u00f3n<\/strong>, y lo m\u00e1s importante, las \u00e1reas de superposici\u00f3n<\/strong>. Las letras corresponden a los Zooms, abajo.<\/p>\n

Segundo, presentamos una serie de 16<\/strong> videos de im\u00e1genes satelitales<\/strong> que muestran 5\u00a0escenarios <\/strong>que hemos documentado:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Deforestaci\u00f3n (sin fuego)<\/li>\n
  2. Deforestaci\u00f3n (seguida de fuego)<\/li>\n
  3. Fuego por Agricultura<\/li>\n
  4. Incendio en la Sabana<\/li>\n
  5. Incendios Forestales<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    El hallazgo clave <\/strong>es que la Deforestaci\u00f3n (seguida de fuego) <\/strong>es fundamental para entender la temporada de fuegos de este a\u00f1o (ver Zooms B-E).<\/p>\n

    Hemos documentado numerosos casos de eventos de deforestaci\u00f3n en el 2019, seguidos de fuegos intensos. Hemos confirmado por lo menos 52,500 hect\u00e1reas<\/strong> (72,000 campos de f\u00fatbol).<\/p>\n

    Otro escenario com\u00fan es el Fuego por Agricultura<\/strong> en \u00e1reas desboscadas antes del 2019, pero circundantes al bosque restante (ver Zooms F y G).<\/p>\n

    Tambi\u00e9n, estamos viendo ahora m\u00e1s ejemplos de Incendio en la Sabana<\/strong>. Estos incendios pueden ser grandes: mostramos una quema de 24,000 hect\u00e1reas en el territorio ind\u00edgena Kayap\u00f3 (ver Zoom H).<\/p>\n

    No hemos observado grandes Incendios Forestales<\/strong> en la Amazon\u00eda brasile\u00f1a h\u00fameda durante el mes de agosto, pero s\u00ed a inicios de marzo, en el estado de Roraima. Sin embargo, a medida que la estaci\u00f3n seca contin\u00faa en septiembre y octubre, los incendios forestales se convierten en un riesgo mayor.<\/p>\n

    <\/div>\n

    1. Deforestaci\u00f3n (sin fuego)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    El Zoom A <\/strong>muestra la deforestaci\u00f3n a gran-escala de 1,450 hect\u00e1reas en el estado de Amazonas, entre abril y agosto del 2019. La deforestaci\u00f3n parece ser por fines agr\u00edcolas y no muestra indicios de fuego.<\/p>\n

    https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/maaproject.org-fires-and-deforestation-in-the-brazilian-amazon-2019-Big-Deforest-1.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n

    Zoom A. Deforestaci\u00f3n (sin fuego). Datos: Planet, ESA.<\/p>\n

    <\/div><\/strong><\/p>\n

    2. Deforestaci\u00f3n (seguida de fuego)<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    El hallazgo clave<\/strong> de este an\u00e1lisis fue el escenario relativamente amplio de la deforestaci\u00f3n a gran escala, seguida de fuegos. Probablemente este (y no los Incendios Forestales) explica por qu\u00e9 muchos fuegos tuvieron bastante humo. Abajo, mostramos cuatro ejemplos de los estados amaz\u00f3nicos de Rond\u00f4nia (Zooms B<\/strong> y C<\/strong>), Amazonas (Zoom D<\/strong>) y Par\u00e1 (Zoom E<\/strong>). En estos cuatro ejemplos, medimos directamente 8,500 hect\u00e1reas que fueron deforestadas y luego quemadas en el 2019.<\/p>\n

    https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/maaproject.org-fires-and-deforestation-in-the-brazilian-amazon-2019-Big-deforest-2.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n

    Zoom B. Deforestaci\u00f3n (seguida de fuego) en Rond\u00f4nia. Datos: Planet, ESA.<\/p>\n

    <\/div>\n
    https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/maaproject.org-fires-and-deforestation-in-the-brazilian-amazon-2019-new-Rondonia-deforest-fire.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n

    Zoom C. Deforestaci\u00f3n (seguida de fuego) en Rond\u00f4nia. Datos: Planet, ESA.<\/p>\n

    <\/div>\n
    https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/maaproject.org-fires-and-deforestation-in-the-brazilian-amazon-2019-new-deforest-fire-amazonas.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n

    Zoom D. Deforestaci\u00f3n (seguida de fuego) en Amazonas. Datos: Planet, ESA.<\/p>\n

    <\/div>\n
    https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/maaproject.org-fires-and-deforestation-in-the-brazilian-amazon-2019-new-deforest-Para.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n

    Zoom E. Deforestaci\u00f3n (seguida de fuego) en Par\u00e1. Datos: Planet, ESA.<\/p>\n

    <\/div>\n

    3. Fuego por Agricultura<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Los Zooms F<\/strong> y G<\/strong> muestran el otro amplio escenario de fuegos de roza y quema. En la mayor\u00eda de los casos, los fuegos parecen confinados al \u00e1rea agr\u00edcola, pero hemos encontrado ejemplos de quema de bosque circundante (no incendios descontrolados). Mientras contin\u00fae la temporada seca, habr\u00e1 un riesgo alto de fuga de fuegos hacia el bosque circundante, causando quemas m\u00e1s extensas.<\/p>\n

    https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/maaproject.org-fires-and-deforestation-in-the-brazilian-amazon-2019-Intro-ag.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n

    Zoom F. Fuego por Agricultura. Datos: Planet, ESA.<\/p>\n

    <\/div><\/strong><\/p>\n
    https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/maaproject.org-fires-and-deforestation-in-the-brazilian-amazon-2019-field-burn-2.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n

    Zoom G. Fuego por Agricultura. Datos: Planet, ESA.<\/p>\n

    <\/div>\n

    4. Incendio en la Sabana<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Recientemente, hemos estado detectando fuegos ardiendo en ecosistemas m\u00e1s secos, como en las sabanas, ubicadas en parches entre el bosque h\u00famedo tropical. Los Zooms H <\/strong>e I <\/strong>muestran casos de Incendio en la Sabana<\/strong>, en los territorios ind\u00edgenas Kayap\u00f3 y Munduruku, respectivamente. Estos fuegos pueden quemar un \u00e1rea extensa, por ejemplo, de 15,000 hect\u00e1reas como en el caso de Kayap\u00f3.<\/p>\n

    https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/maaproject.org-fires-and-deforestation-in-the-brazilian-amazon-2019-Kayapo.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n

    Zoom H. Incendio en la Sabana en el territorio ind\u00edgena Kayap\u00f3. Datos:\u00a0Planet, ESA.<\/p>\n

    <\/div>\n
    https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/maaproject.org-fires-and-deforestation-in-the-brazilian-amazon-2019-Munduruku.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n

    Zoom I. Incendio en la Sabana en el territorio ind\u00edgena Munduruku. Datos: Planet, ESA.<\/p>\n

    <\/div>\n

    5. Incendios Forestales<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Durante agosto, no hemos documentado incendios forestales de gran magnitud en los bosques h\u00famedos de la Amazon\u00eda brasile\u00f1a oeste, nuestra \u00e1rea de enfoque principal. Los incendios forestales pueden ser m\u00e1s comunes en la Amazon\u00eda brasile\u00f1a este, especialmente mientras estemos pr\u00f3ximos a la temporada de quema. Por ejemplo, el Zoom J <\/strong>muestra algunos fuegos recientes en los bordes del territorio ind\u00edgena Kayap\u00f3, de 930 hect\u00e1reas.<\/p>\n

    https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/maaproject.org-fires-and-deforestation-in-the-brazilian-amazon-2019-Kayapo-ridge.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n

    Zoom J. Incendios forestales en los bordes del territorio ind\u00edgena Kayap\u00f3. Datos: Planet, ESA.<\/p>\n

    <\/div>\n

    Cabe destacar que no hemos documentado todav\u00eda, ning\u00fan incendio descontrolado en los bosques h\u00famedos de la Amazon\u00eda brasile\u00f1a. Los incendios extensos que hemos visto, se encuentran en los bosques secos de la Amazon\u00eda brasile\u00f1a y boliviana (ver MAAP #108<\/a>). No obstante, a inicios de marzo de este a\u00f1o, hubo considerables incendios forestales al norte de Brasil (estado de Roraima). El Zoom I <\/strong>muestra un ejemplo de estos fuegos cerca del territorio ind\u00edgena Yanomani.<\/p>\n

    https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/maaproject.org-fires-and-deforestation-in-the-brazilian-amazon-2019-Roraima1.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n

    Zoom K. Incendio Forestal a inicios de marzo del 2019, en el estado de Roraima. Datos: Planet, ESA.<\/p>\n

    <\/div>\n

    Metodolog\u00eda<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    We created two \u201chotspots\u201d layers, one for deforestation and the other for fires, by conducting a kernel density analysis. This type of analysis calculates the magnitude per unit area of a particular phenomenon, in this case forest loss alerts (proxy for deforestation) and temperature anomaly\/fire alerts.<\/p>\n

    We used GLAD alert forest loss data (30 meter resolution) from the University of Maryland and available on Global Forest Watch. Data thru August 2019.<\/p>\n

    We used NASA\u2019s Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS) MODIS-based fire alert data (1 km resolution). Data thru August 2019.<\/p>\n

    We conducted the analysis using the Kernel Density tool from Spatial Analyst Tool Box of ArcGIS, using the following parameters:<\/p>\n

    Search Radius: 15000 layer units (meters)
    \nKernel Density Function: Quartic kernel function
    \nCell Size in the map: 200 x 200 meters (4 hectares)
    \nEverything else was left to the default setting.<\/p>\n

    For the Base Map, we used the following concentration percentages: Medium: 10%-25%; High: 26%-50%; Very High: >50%. We then combined all three categories into one color (yellow for deforestation and red for fire). Orange indicates areas where both layers overlap. As background layer, we also included pre-2019 deforestation data from Brazil\u2019s PRODES system.<\/p>\n

    <\/div>\n

    Agradecimientos<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Agradecemos a G. Hyman, A. Flores (NASA-SERVIR), A. Folhadella (ACA), y G. Palacios por sus \u00fatiles comentarios a las versiones iniciales de este reporte.<\/p>\n

    Este trabajo se realiz\u00f3 con el financiamiento de: Fundaci\u00f3n MacArthur, International Conservation Fund of Canada (ICFC), Metabolic Studio y Global Forest Watch Small Grants Fund (WRI).<\/p>\n

    <\/div>\n

    Cita<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Finer M, Mamani N (2019) Fuego y Deforestaci\u00f3n en la Amazonia Brasile\u00f1a, 2019. MAAP: 109.<\/p>\n

    <\/div>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Los fuegos en la Amazon\u00eda brasile\u00f1a han sido objeto de intensa atenci\u00f3n mundial durante el \u00faltimo mes. Como parte de nuestra cobertura en curso, vamos un paso m\u00e1s all\u00e1 y analizamos la relaci\u00f3n\u00a0entre el fuego y la deforestaci\u00f3n en el 2019. Primero, presentamos un nuevo Mapa Base 2019 que muestra tanto los hotspots de fuego […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[309,348],"tags":[210],"ftr_agriculture":[367],"carbon-and-climate-change":[],"ftr_country":[449],"fire":[426],"infrastructure-threat":[],"land-use":[],"mining-and-logging-threat":[],"natural-forest-loss":[],"special-analysis":[439],"class_list":["post-21138","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fuego","category-paisesbrasil","tag-maap-109","ftr_agriculture-otros-cultivos","ftr_country-brasil","fire-incendios","special-analysis-focos-de-deforestacion"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMAAP #109: Fuego y Deforestaci\u00f3n en la Amazonia Brasile\u00f1a, 2019 - MAAP<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/es\/fuego-deforestacion-brasil\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MAAP #109: Fuego y Deforestaci\u00f3n en la Amazonia Brasile\u00f1a, 2019 - MAAP\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Los fuegos en la Amazon\u00eda brasile\u00f1a han sido objeto de intensa atenci\u00f3n mundial durante el \u00faltimo mes. Como parte de nuestra cobertura en curso, vamos un paso m\u00e1s all\u00e1 y analizamos la relaci\u00f3n\u00a0entre el fuego y la deforestaci\u00f3n en el 2019. 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