{"id":21176,"date":"2016-03-01T20:54:00","date_gmt":"2016-03-01T20:54:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/hotspots-2015\/"},"modified":"2024-09-24T20:54:26","modified_gmt":"2024-09-24T20:54:26","slug":"hotspots-2015","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/es\/hotspots-2015\/","title":{"rendered":"MAAP #26: Hotspots de deforestaci\u00f3n en la Amazon\u00eda peruana, 2015"},"content":{"rendered":"

Recientemente el portal Global Forest Watch del World Resources Institute, en un esfuerzo compartido con la Universidad de Maryland y Google, ha presentado su sistema de alertas tempranas\u00a0denominado GLAD1<\/sup><\/a>.\u00a0Estas alertas generan una r\u00e1pida (semanal) informaci\u00f3n de p\u00e9rdida del bosque en alta resoluci\u00f3n (30 metros) \u00a0y a una escala nacional para Per\u00fa. En el presente MAAP #26<\/strong>, analizamos una muestra de estos datos para comprender mejor los\u00a0patrones de deforestaci\u00f3n en la<\/strong>\u00a0Amazon\u00eda peruana durante el 2015<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\"Imagen
Imagen 26a. Mapa de densidad kernel para la p\u00e9rdida de bosques en la Amazonia peruana en 2015. Datos: Hansen et al 2016 (ERL)<\/div><\/div>\n

Seg\u00fan las alertas GLAD, se estima que la p\u00e9rdida de bosque en el Per\u00fa durante el 2015 fue de 158,658 hect\u00e1reas <\/strong>(equivalente a 217.340 campos de f\u00fatbol). De ser confirmada esa estimaci\u00f3n, ser\u00eda la segunda m\u00e1s alta registrada desde el a\u00f1o 2000, s\u00f3lo por detr\u00e1s del 2014 (177.500 hect\u00e1reas).<\/p>\n

Para este art\u00edculo, realizamos una estimaci\u00f3n de densidad kernel (an\u00e1lisis que calcula la magnitud por unidad de \u00e1rea de un fen\u00f3meno particular, en este caso, la p\u00e9rdida de bosques), para entender mejor donde estuvo concentrada las alertas GLAD en 2015. Encontramos que la deforestaci\u00f3n tuvo una mayor concentraci\u00f3n de hotspots en los departamentos de Ucayali, Hu\u00e1nuco y Madre de Dios<\/strong> (ver la Imagen 26a<\/strong>).<\/p>\n

Debe mencionarse que anteriormente realizamos el mismo tipo de an\u00e1lisis para los a\u00f1os 2012 \u2013 2014 basado en datos del Ministerio de Ambiente, informaci\u00f3n que fue publicada en el MAAP #25<\/a>. Contrastando los datos anteriores (2012 -2014) con los resultados de este \u00faltimo an\u00e1lisis (2015), podemos ver c\u00f3mo han cambiado las tendencias y patrones de deforestaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Los Recuadros A y B<\/strong>\u00a0destacan un \u00e1rea en la Amazon\u00eda centro de Per\u00fa (departamento de Ucayali) donde la deforestaci\u00f3n se intensific\u00f3 en 2015. V\u00e9ase m\u00e1s abajo im\u00e1genes de alta resoluci\u00f3n que muestran la deforestaci\u00f3n en estas \u00e1reas.

<\/div><\/p>\n

Recuadro A<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\"Image
Imagen 26b. Deforestaci\u00f3n reciente de la zona en el Recuadro A. Datos: Hansen et al 2016 (ERL), PNCB\/MINAM, Hansen\/UMD\/Google\/USGS\/NASA.<\/div><\/div>\n

La Imagen 26b<\/strong> muestra informaci\u00f3n detallada de la deforestaci\u00f3n de la zona indicada en el recuadro A (de la Imagen 26a). N\u00f3tese la extensa deforestaci\u00f3n en 2015 (201 hect\u00e1reas, ver color rosado) justo al oeste de dos plantaciones de palma aceitera a gran escala.<\/p>\n

M\u00e1s adelante, la Imagen 26c<\/strong> muestra im\u00e1genes de sat\u00e9lite de alta resoluci\u00f3n de la \u00e1rea en Recuadro A1 antes (izquierda) y despu\u00e9s (derecha) de los acontecimientos recientes de deforestaci\u00f3n.\u00a0Puede notarse las \u00e1reas recientemente deforestadas pr\u00f3ximas a \u00e1reas de pastizales a lo largo del r\u00edo Juant\u00eda.<\/p>\n

\"Image<\/a>
Imagen 26c. Vista de alta resoluci\u00f3n de la zona en Recuadro A1 antes (panel izquierda) y despu\u00e9s (panel derecha) recientes eventos de deforestaci\u00f3n. Datos: WorldView-2 de Digital Globe (NextView).<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

Recuadro B<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\"Imagen
Imagen 26d. Deforestaci\u00f3n reciente de la zona en Recuadro B de Imagen Xa. Datos: Hansen et al 2016 (ERL), PNCB\/MINAM, Hansen\/UMD\/Google\/USGS\/NASA.<\/div><\/div>\n

La Imagen 26d<\/strong> muestra informaci\u00f3n detallada de deforestaci\u00f3n de la zona indicada en Recuadro B (de Imagen Xa). N\u00f3tese la extensa deforestaci\u00f3n en 2015 (164 hect\u00e1reas, ver color rosado) entre el rio Aguaytia y la carretera Jorge Basadre. Deforestaci\u00f3n reciente (2012-14) parece estar asociada con actividades agr\u00edcolas y forestales.<\/p>\n

M\u00e1s adelante, la Imagen 26e<\/strong> muestra im\u00e1genes de sat\u00e9lite de alta resoluci\u00f3n de la \u00e1rea en Recuadro B1 antes (izquierda) y despu\u00e9s (derecha) de los acontecimientos recientes de deforestaci\u00f3n.\u00a0N\u00f3tese como la proliferaci\u00f3n de v\u00edas vecinales permiti\u00f3 la apertura de \u00e1reas de bosque para actividades de agricultura.<\/p>\n

\"Imagen<\/a>
Imagen 26e. Vista de alta resoluci\u00f3n de la zona en Recuadro B1 antes (panel izquierdo) y despu\u00e9s (panel derecha) recientes eventos de deforestaci\u00f3n. Datos: WorldView-2 de Digital Globe (NextView).<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

Metodolog\u00eda<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Realizamos este an\u00e1lisis, utilizando la herramienta Kernel Density dentro de las herramientas de an\u00e1lisis espaciales del software ArcGis 10.1.\u00a0 Nuestra meta fue enfatizar las concentraciones locales de deforestaci\u00f3n, buscando representar los patrones globales de deforestaci\u00f3n entre 2012 y 2014.\u00a0 Se utilizaron los siguientes par\u00e1metros:<\/p>\n

Radio de b\u00fasqueda: 15000 unidades estrato (metros)<\/p>\n

Funci\u00f3n de Densidad de Kernel:\u00a0kernel de cuarto grado<\/p>\n

Tama\u00f1o de celda en el mapa: 200 x 200 metros (4 hect\u00e1reas)<\/p>\n

Todo lo dem\u00e1s lo dejamos en la configuraci\u00f3n predeterminada.
\n

<\/div><\/p>\n

Referencia<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1 <\/sup>Hansen, M.C., A. Krylov, A. Tyukavina, P.V. Potapov, S. Turubanova, B. Zutta, S. Ifo, B. Margono, F. Stolle, and R. Moore. Humid tropical forest disturbance alerts using Landsat data.\u00a0Environmental Research Letters<\/em>, in press. Accessed through Global Forest Watch on March 2, 2016. www.globalforestwatch.org<\/a>
\n

<\/div><\/p>\n

Cita<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Finer M, Novoa S,\u00a0Snelgrove C (2015) Hotspots de deforestaci\u00f3n en la Amazon\u00eda peruana, 2015. MAAP: 26.
\n

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