{"id":21178,"date":"2016-03-13T21:37:00","date_gmt":"2016-03-13T21:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/cacao-peru-norte\/"},"modified":"2024-09-24T20:54:37","modified_gmt":"2024-09-24T20:54:37","slug":"cacao-peru-norte","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/es\/cacao-peru-norte\/","title":{"rendered":"MAAP #27: United Cacao Contin\u00faa la Deforestaci\u00f3n de Bosque Primario en Tamshiyacu (Loreto, Peru)"},"content":{"rendered":"

La deforestaci\u00f3n\u00a0contin\u00faa aumentando en las tierras de la empresa United Cacao<\/strong> (a trav\u00e9s de su subsidiaria peruana, Cacao del Per\u00fa Norte<\/strong>) cerca la localidad de Tamshiyacu (ubicada 40 km aguas arriba de Iquitos, la capital del la regi\u00f3n Loreto).\u00a0Desde 2013, hemos documentado la deforestaci\u00f3n de<\/strong> 2.380 hect\u00e1reas<\/strong>\u00a0(equivalentes a 3.260 campos de f\u00fatbol) vinculadas al proyecto. La mayor parte de esta deforestaci\u00f3n ha sido realizada sobre\u00a0bosque <\/strong>primario<\/strong>*. Adem\u00e1s, 250 hect\u00e1reas han sido taladas desde que el Ministerio de Agricultura<\/strong> orden\u00f3 la paralizaci\u00f3n de las actividades agr\u00edcolas de la empresa Cacao del Per\u00fa Norte en diciembre de 2014**.\u00a0En el presente MAAP #27<\/strong>, se presentan indicios que indican que la deforestaci\u00f3n relacionada al proyecto va a continuar expandi\u00e9ndose los pr\u00f3ximos meses.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Imagen 27a. Datos: USGS.<\/div><\/div>\n

La Imagen 27a\u00a0<\/strong>muestra una serie de im\u00e1genes satelitales (Landsat) que documenta el avance de la deforestaci\u00f3n en la parte norte del proyecto de United Cacao. El panel izquierdo<\/strong> muestra que esta zona se encontraba a\u00fan cubierta por un remanente de bosque primario (ver el color verde oscuro adentro Cuadro A<\/strong>) en julio de 2014. El panel central<\/strong> muestra que, en septiembre de 2015, exist\u00eda una nueva red de caminos de acceso instalada en la parte sur de esta zona (ver el color rosado, que indica \u00e1reas recientemente deforestadas). Finalmente, el panel derecho<\/strong> muestra que en\u00a0febrero de 2016 (fecha de la ultima buena imagen disponible), la parte sur de\u00a0esta misma zona\u00a0ya fue deforestada, mientras que en la parte norte ha sido abierta una nueva red de caminos. De continuar el patr\u00f3n mostrado (nuevo camino de acceso seguido por la deforestacion a gran escala), concluimos que continuar\u00eda tambi\u00e9n la deforestaci\u00f3n en este sector norte luego de haberse culminado instalaci\u00f3n de caminos de acceso.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Vista de Alta Resoluci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/h3>\n

La\u00a0Imagen 27b<\/strong>\u00a0muestra, en alta-resoluci\u00f3n<\/strong>, la zona de bosque primario deforestada<\/strong> entre junio (panel izquierdo) y noviembre (panel derecho) de 2015\u00a0en la parte norte del proyecto de United Cacao descrito arriba (ver el cuadro rojo en ambas im\u00e1genes). Adem\u00e1s, muestra la zona de bosque primario\u00a0ya amenazada por la deforestaci\u00f3n inminente\u00a0(ver el cuadro amarillo en ambas im\u00e1genes).<\/p>\n

\"Imagen
Imagen 27b. Datos: WorldView-3 de Digital Globe (NextView).<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

Tendencia de la Deforestaci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/h3>\n
\"\"
Datos: PNCB\/MINAM, Hansen\/UMD\/Google\/USGS\/NASA, Hansen et al 2016 (ERL)***<\/div><\/div>\n

El ultimo cuadro muestra la tendencia de la deforestaci\u00f3n acumulada<\/strong>\u00a0en el \u00e1rea del proyecto de United Cacao entre 2012 y febrero de 2016. La empresa inici\u00f3 sus actividades en los primeros meses de 2013. Se puede observar el gran incremento de\u00a0deforestaci\u00f3n este mismo a\u00f1o. Tambi\u00e9n se puede observar que la deforestaci\u00f3n aument\u00f3\u00a0gradualmente en 2015 a pesar de la orden de\u00a0paralizaci\u00f3n del\u00a0Ministerio de Agricultura a\u00a0finales de 2014.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Notas<\/strong><\/h3>\n

*Seg\u00fan el\u00a0Decreto Supremo (N\u00ba 018-2015-MINAGRI) que aprueba el Reglamento para la Gesti\u00f3n Forestal bajo el marco de la nueva\u00a0Ley Forestal de 2011 (N\u00ba 29763), la definici\u00f3n oficial de bosque primario en Peru es: \u00abBosque con vegetaci\u00f3n original caracterizado por la abundancia de \u00e1rboles maduros con especies del dosel superior o dominante, que ha evolucionado de manera natural.\u00bb\u00a0Usando m\u00e9todos de de teledetecci\u00f3n, nuestra interpretaci\u00f3n de esa definici\u00f3n son\u00a0\u00e1reas que presentan una cobertura de dosel densa y cerrada identificable desde las im\u00e1genes m\u00e1s tempranas disponibles (en este caso, Landsat de 1985). Ver\u00a0MAAP #9<\/a>\u00a0y MAAP #2<\/a> para mas detalles.<\/p>\n

**\u00a0Resoluci\u00f3n de Direcci\u00f3n General N\u00b0 462-2014-MINAGRI-DVDIAR-DGAAA<\/a>.\u00a0Una reciente nota de prensa de la organizaci\u00f3n Environmental Investigation Agency reporta que la orden de paralizaci\u00f3n sigue en efecto (http:\/\/eia-global.org\/blog\/united-cacao-linked-companies-ordered-to-stop-operations-by-peruvian-author<\/a>).<\/p>\n

***Hansen, M.C., A. Krylov, A. Tyukavina, P.V. Potapov, S. Turubanova, B. Zutta, S. Ifo, B. Margono, F. Stolle, and R. Moore (2016) Humid tropical forest disturbance alerts using Landsat data.\u00a0 Environ. Res. Lett. 11: 034008. Accessed through Global Forest Watch:\u00a0www.globalforestwatch.org<\/a>
\n

<\/div><\/p>\n

Agradecimientos<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Agradecemos la\u00a0Sociedad Peruana de Derecho Ambiental (SPDA)\u00a0 por sus valiosos comentarios.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Cita<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Finer M, Novoa S (2016)\u00a0United Cacao Contin\u00faa la Deforestaci\u00f3n de Bosque Primario en Tamshiyacu (Loreto, Peru). MAAP: #27.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La deforestaci\u00f3n\u00a0contin\u00faa aumentando en las tierras de la empresa United Cacao (a trav\u00e9s de su subsidiaria peruana, Cacao del Per\u00fa Norte) cerca la localidad de Tamshiyacu (ubicada 40 km aguas arriba de Iquitos, la capital del la regi\u00f3n Loreto).\u00a0Desde 2013, hemos documentado la deforestaci\u00f3n de 2.380 hect\u00e1reas\u00a0(equivalentes a 3.260 campos de f\u00fatbol) vinculadas al proyecto. 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