{"id":21341,"date":"2023-10-11T12:55:12","date_gmt":"2023-10-11T12:55:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/expansion-mineria-ecuador\/"},"modified":"2024-09-20T12:32:37","modified_gmt":"2024-09-20T12:32:37","slug":"expansion-mineria-ecuador","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/es\/expansion-mineria-ecuador\/","title":{"rendered":"MAAP #198: Expansi\u00f3n de la Miner\u00eda en la Amazon\u00eda de Ecuador"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/a>
Mapa Base. Miner\u00eda en la Amazon\u00eda ecuatoriana. Datos: MapBiomas Amazon\u00eda, 2022. Elaboraci\u00f3n: EcoCiencia<\/div><\/div>\n

En la Amazon\u00eda de Ecuador, se incrementaron<\/strong> 5,616 hect\u00e1reas<\/strong> de nueva miner\u00eda entre los a\u00f1os 2015 y 2021, un crecimiento del 300%.<\/p>\n

En total, la actividad minera ya alcanza una superficie total de<\/strong> 7,495 hect\u00e1reas <\/strong>al 2021, que es equivalente\u00a0a 10,555 canchas de f\u00fatbol profesional,<\/p>\n

El Mapa Base<\/strong> muestra que la actividad minera se concentra en cuatro provincias.<\/p>\n

La provincia Napo<\/strong> presenta el mayor crecimiento en t\u00e9rminos de \u00e1rea (855 hect\u00e1reas<\/strong>) entre los a\u00f1os 2015 y 2021. Esto representa un aumento de 316%, alcanzando 1,125 hect\u00e1reas en total.<\/p>\n

La provincia Zamora Chinchipe <\/strong>ha alcanzado la mayor extensi\u00f3n de superficie minera, con un \u00e1rea total de 5,034 hect\u00e1reas<\/strong> al a\u00f1o 2021. Lo que significa que el 67% de la miner\u00eda de la Amazon\u00eda ecuatoriana se concentra en esta provincia.<\/p>\n

La provincia Sucumb\u00edos<\/strong> es la provincia con la mayor tasa de crecimiento: 750%<\/strong> entre los a\u00f1os 2015 y 2021. La superficie minera alcanza 610 hect\u00e1reas.<\/p>\n

De manera similar, la provincia Morona Santiago<\/strong> tiene una superficie minera de 646 hect\u00e1reas.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Miner\u00eda en Territorios Ind\u00edgenas<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Casi 57% de la Amazon\u00eda de Ecuador (considerando los l\u00edmites de la cuenca amaz\u00f3nica) son ocupadas por 640 territorios ind\u00edgenas. Por medios satelitales, constatamos que la miner\u00eda est\u00e1 avanzando fuertemente en estos territorios, e impacta .05% de su \u00e1rea total combinada. Hacen falta estudios espec\u00edficos que permitan comprender en qu\u00e9 medida las incursiones mineras en territorios ind\u00edgenas son legales o ilegales.<\/p>\n

La Figura 1<\/strong> muestra que casi la mitad (46.7%) de la miner\u00eda detectada en la Amazon\u00eda ecuatoriana se ubica dentro de territorios ind\u00edgenas. Esta actividad en dichos territorios\u00a0ha aumentado de menos de mil hect\u00e1reas en el a\u00f1o 2015 a 3.5 mil\u00a0 hect\u00e1reas<\/strong> en 2021, un crecimiento de 325%.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Figura 1. Expansi\u00f3n de actividad minera en la cuenca Amaz\u00f3nica de Ecuador entre 2015 y 2021. Fuente: MapBiomas Amazon\u00eda, 2022<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

Territorios Impactados<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Seis territorios ind\u00edgenas acumulan el 61% de toda la miner\u00eda detectada dentro de territorios ind\u00edgena en el Ecuador, todos de la nacionalidad Shuar en el sureste de la Amazon\u00eda ecuatoriana (ver Figura 2).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Figura 2. Porcentaje en relaci\u00f3n con toda la miner\u00eda en territorios ind\u00edgenas de 2021. Datos: MapBiomas Amazon\u00eda, 2022. Elaboraci\u00f3n: EcoCiencia<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

Los territorios que m\u00e1s extensi\u00f3n minera (1,042 hect\u00e1reas) abarca son dos (Tundayme y uno llamado \u00ab\u00c1rea Del Proyecto De Desarrollo C\u00bb) que forman parte del proyecto minero a gran escala C\u00f3ndor Mirador (ver MAAP #89<\/a>), operado por la empresa Ecuacorriente S.A.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Figura 3. Avance de miner\u00eda en TI Tundayme y \u00c1rea Del Proyecto De Desarrollo C entre mayo 2016 (panel izquierdo) y agosto 2023 (panel derecho). Datos: Planet. Elaboraci\u00f3n: EcoCiencia<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

En tercer lugar, con 432 hect\u00e1reas, en la \u2018Reserva Shuar Kenkium\u2019 la miner\u00eda met\u00e1lica, operada por la empresa de la comunidad Kenkium, Exploken Minera S.A. es la primera industria extractiva de oro que pertenece a grupos Shuar.<\/p>\n

Luego, con 380 hect\u00e1reas se encuentra la comunidad shuar de \u2018Shaime\u2019, que est\u00e1 al borde del Bosque Protector Cuenca Alta del R\u00edo Nangaritza (ver MAAP #167<\/a>).<\/p>\n

Adem\u00e1s, hemos identificado territorios ind\u00edgenas donde la miner\u00eda creci\u00f3 con mayor rapidez entre 2016 y 2021, dichos territorios son:\u00a0 Wampiashu (Mariposa), Arutam-PSHA, Pacchus, Churuwia-PSHA (ver MAAP #170<\/a>), Centro Shuar Shaime, Callamasa.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Figura 4. Avance de miner\u00eda en comunidad Churuwia (TI Pueblo Shuar Arutam \u2013 PSHA) entre agosto 2016 (panel izquierdo) y agosto 2023 (panel derecho). Datos: Planet. Elaboraci\u00f3n: EcoCiencia<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

Miner\u00eda como Causa de Deforestaci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Cabe enfatizar que en el a\u00f1o 2021, las nuevas superficies mineras sobre \u00e1reas previamente boscosas (889 hect\u00e1reas) se incrementaron a 46%, un valor no alcanzado en ning\u00fan periodo anterior. Este hallazgo indica que la miner\u00eda ya es una importante causa directa de deforestaci\u00f3n. La mayor parte de esa deforestaci\u00f3n causada espec\u00edficamente por miner\u00eda se dio en la provincia de Zamora Chinchipe (32%), seguida por Sucumb\u00edos (7%).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Figura 5. Coberturas reemplazadas por miner\u00eda en la cuenca Amaz\u00f3nica de Ecuador entre 2015 y 2021. Fuente: MapBiomas Amazon\u00eda, 2022<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

Metodolog\u00eda<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Los datos usados para generar las estad\u00edsticas del presente reporte pertenecen a la cuarta Colecci\u00f3n de mapas anuales de la iniciativa MapBiomas Amazon\u00eda, que se enfoca en monitorear los cambios de uso de suelo entre 1985 y la actualidad. En Ecuador, esta iniciativa es liderada por la Fundaci\u00f3n Ecociencia, miembro de la Red Amaz\u00f3nica de Informaci\u00f3n Socioambiental Georeferenciada (RAISG). A la fecha se ha generado informaci\u00f3n para la cuenca amaz\u00f3nica de Ecuador, proporcionando datos de libre acceso a trav\u00e9s de amazonia.mapbiomas.org.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Cita<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Borja M. O., Aguilar C., Verdesoto G., Villa J, Mamani N, Finer M, Josse C (2023) Expansi\u00f3n de la Miner\u00eda en la Amazon\u00eda de Ecuador. MAAP: 198.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Agradecimientos<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Este informe es parte de una serie enfocada en la Amazon\u00eda ecuatoriana a trav\u00e9s de una colaboraci\u00f3n estrat\u00e9gica entre las organizaciones Fundaci\u00f3n EcoCiencia<\/strong> y Amazon Conservation<\/strong>, con el apoyo de la Agencia Noruega de Cooperaci\u00f3n para el Desarrollo (Norad<\/strong>).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

En la Amazon\u00eda de Ecuador, se incrementaron 5,616 hect\u00e1reas de nueva miner\u00eda entre los a\u00f1os 2015 y 2021, un crecimiento del 300%. En total, la actividad minera ya alcanza una superficie total de 7,495 hect\u00e1reas al 2021, que es equivalente\u00a0a 10,555 canchas de f\u00fatbol profesional, El Mapa Base muestra que la actividad minera se concentra […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[350],"tags":[346],"ftr_agriculture":[],"carbon-and-climate-change":[],"ftr_country":[399],"fire":[],"infrastructure-threat":[],"land-use":[],"mining-and-logging-threat":[434],"natural-forest-loss":[],"special-analysis":[],"class_list":["post-21341","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-paisesecuador","tag-maap-198","ftr_country-ecuador","mining-and-logging-threat-mineria-de-oro"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMAAP #198: Expansi\u00f3n de la Miner\u00eda en la Amazon\u00eda de Ecuador - MAAP<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/es\/expansion-mineria-ecuador\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MAAP #198: Expansi\u00f3n de la Miner\u00eda en la Amazon\u00eda de Ecuador - MAAP\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"En la Amazon\u00eda de Ecuador, se incrementaron 5,616 hect\u00e1reas de nueva miner\u00eda entre los a\u00f1os 2015 y 2021, un crecimiento del 300%. 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