{"id":24199,"date":"2024-10-11T07:11:38","date_gmt":"2024-10-11T07:11:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/?p=24199"},"modified":"2024-12-12T16:06:29","modified_gmt":"2024-12-12T16:06:29","slug":"mineria-areas-protegidas-ecuador","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/es\/mineria-areas-protegidas-ecuador\/","title":{"rendered":"MAAP #221: Miner\u00eda ilegal en \u00e1reas naturales protegidas de la Amazon\u00eda ecuatoriana"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Mapa Base. \u00c1reas protegidas en la Amazon\u00eda ecuatoriana amenazadas por miner\u00eda.<\/div><\/div>\n

En una serie de reportes anteriores advertimos sobre el surgimiento y expansi\u00f3n de la deforestaci\u00f3n minera<\/strong>\u00a0en la\u00a0Amazon\u00eda ecuatoriana <\/strong>(<\/u>MAAP #151<\/a>, <\/u>MAAP #172<\/a>, <\/u>MAAP 182<\/a>,<\/u> MAAP #219<\/a>).<\/p>\n

La miner\u00eda ilegal en Ecuador tiene la habilidad de operar en zonas alejadas y de dif\u00edcil acceso, como \u00e1reas naturales protegidas<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Adem\u00e1s, la proximidad de esta actividad a las fronteras con Colombia y Per\u00fa<\/strong> facilita flujos transfronterizos esenciales para el comercio de oro.<\/p>\n

En el presente reporte, analizamos las cuatro \u00e1reas naturales protegidas<\/strong> en la Amazon\u00eda ecuatoriana que se encuentran amenazadas por actividades mineras: los Parques Nacionales Podocarpus y Sumaco Napo-Galeras, <\/strong>la Reserva Ecol\u00f3gica Cof\u00e1n Bermejo<\/strong>, y el Refugio de Vida Silvestre El Zarza<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

En el Podocarpus la actividad minera se desarrolla en lo profundo del parque.<\/p>\n

Para las otras tres \u00e1reas (Sumaco Napo-Galeras, Cof\u00e1n Bermejo, y El Zarza), las actividades mineras no reguladas en sus zonas de amortiguamiento ingresan paulatinamente en sus l\u00edmites.<\/p>\n

A continuaci\u00f3n, presentamos el an\u00e1lisis conciso de estas cuatro \u00e1reas protegidas afectadas, con im\u00e1genes satelitales de alta resoluci\u00f3n<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

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Parque Nacional Podocarpus<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Analizamos las actividades de miner\u00eda ilegal a lo largo del r\u00edo Loyola dentro del Parque Nacional Podocarpus. El primer monitoreo que hicimos en julio de 2023 revel\u00f3 un impacto minero de 22 hect\u00e1reas. En septiembre de 2024, el impacto minero ha aumentado a 50 hect\u00e1reas (es decir, 28 hect\u00e1reas adicionales), lo que resulta en un crecimiento de 125% entre 2023 y 2024 (Figura 1<\/strong>).<\/p>\n

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Figura 1. Deforestaci\u00f3n minera a orillas del r\u00edo Loyola al interior del Parque Nacional Podocarpus, julio 2023 (panel izq) vs agosto 2024 (panel der).<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
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Figura 1a. Imagen Skysat de deforestaci\u00f3n minera del r\u00edo Loyola al interior del Parque Nacional Podocarpus,<\/div><\/div>\n

Adem\u00e1s, se utiliz\u00f3 una imagen de muy alta resoluci\u00f3n (SkySat, 0.50 metros) del 25 de marzo 2024, para visualizar con mayor detalle la din\u00e1mica de la miner\u00eda y su impacto en los bosques nativos del \u00e1rea natural de protecci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Podemos distinguir que la miner\u00eda ha aumentado considerablemente, ocasionando que el r\u00edo Loyola cambie su cauce, asimismo se evidencia la p\u00e9rdida de los bosques nativos, lo que produce una fragmentaci\u00f3n a los ecosistemas adyacentes.<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Parque Nacional Sumaco Napo \u2013 Galeras<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Hemos realizado un monitoreo continuo sobre el avance de la miner\u00eda irregular en la cuenca hidrogr\u00e1fica del r\u00edo Punino (MAAP #151<\/a>, MAAP #219<\/a>) y su avance hacia los l\u00edmites del Parque Nacional Sumaco Napo-Galeras. En mayo 2024 se registr\u00f3 el ingreso de las actividades mineras al l\u00edmite del Parque Nacional Sumaco Napo-Galeras.<\/p>\n

Entre septiembre de 2022 y agosto de 2024 se estimaron 142 hect\u00e1reas<\/strong> de avance de miner\u00eda en la zona de amortiguamiento, de los cuales 0.32 hect\u00e1reas <\/strong>afectadas por actividad minera se localizaron al interior de los l\u00edmites del Parque Nacional (Figura 2<\/strong>).<\/p>\n

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Figura 2. Deforestaci\u00f3n minera en el Parque Nacional Sumaco Napo-Galeras, septiembre 2022 (panel izq) vs agosto 2024 (panel der).<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

Reserva Ecol\u00f3gica Cof\u00e1n Bermejo<\/strong><\/h3>\n

En el MAAP #186<\/a> mostramos c\u00f3mo las actividades mineras irregulares a orillas del r\u00edo Bermeja amenazan los l\u00edmites de la Reserva Ecol\u00f3gica Cof\u00e1n Bermejo en el norte de la Amazon\u00eda ecuatoriana. En esta zona se registr\u00f3 un avance total de miner\u00eda de 337 hect\u00e1reas<\/strong> durante el per\u00edodo febrero de 2020 a septiembre de 2024, de los cuales se estimaron que 1.05 hect\u00e1reas<\/strong> se encuentran dentro del l\u00edmite de la Reserva Ecol\u00f3gica Cof\u00e1n Bermejo (Figura 3<\/strong>).<\/p>\n

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Figura 3. Deforestaci\u00f3n minera en la Reserva Ecol\u00f3gica Cof\u00e1n Bermejo, feb 2020 (panel izq) vs sept 2024 (panel der).<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

Refugio de Vida Silvestre El Zarza<\/strong><\/h3>\n

En la zona de amortiguamiento del Refugio de Vida Silvestre El Zarza, se evidencian actividades mineras a orillas del r\u00edo Zarza, l\u00edmite del \u00e1rea protegida. No se ha identificado miner\u00eda dentro del l\u00edmite del Refugio de Vida Silvestre El Zarza hasta la fecha, sin embargo, se contabilizan 33 hect\u00e1reas de actividad minera en su zona de amortiguamiento. La Figura 4<\/strong> muestra la actividad minera en la zona en septiembre de 2022 y su evoluci\u00f3n hasta agosto de 2024.<\/p>\n

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Figura 4. Deforestaci\u00f3n minera en la zona de amortiguamiento del Refugio de Vida Silvestre el Zarza, septiembre 2022 (panel izq) vs agosto 2024 (panel der).<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

Agradecimientos<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Este informe es parte de una serie enfocada en la Amazon\u00eda ecuatoriana a trav\u00e9s de una colaboraci\u00f3n estrat\u00e9gica entre las organizaciones Fundaci\u00f3n EcoCiencia<\/strong> y Amazon Conservation<\/strong>, con el apoyo de la Agencia Noruega de Cooperaci\u00f3n para el Desarrollo (Norad<\/strong>).<\/p>\n

\"Ecociencia<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

En una serie de reportes anteriores advertimos sobre el surgimiento y expansi\u00f3n de la deforestaci\u00f3n minera\u00a0en la\u00a0Amazon\u00eda ecuatoriana (MAAP #151, MAAP #172, MAAP 182, MAAP #219). La miner\u00eda ilegal en Ecuador tiene la habilidad de operar en zonas alejadas y de dif\u00edcil acceso, como \u00e1reas naturales protegidas. Adem\u00e1s, la proximidad de esta actividad a las […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":24553,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[315,350],"tags":[491],"ftr_agriculture":[],"carbon-and-climate-change":[],"ftr_country":[399],"fire":[],"infrastructure-threat":[],"land-use":[433],"mining-and-logging-threat":[434],"natural-forest-loss":[],"special-analysis":[],"class_list":["post-24199","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ecuador-paises","category-paisesecuador","tag-maap-221","ftr_country-ecuador","land-use-areas-protegidas","mining-and-logging-threat-mineria-de-oro"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMAAP #221: Miner\u00eda ilegal en \u00e1reas naturales protegidas de la Amazon\u00eda ecuatoriana - MAAP<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/es\/mineria-areas-protegidas-ecuador\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MAAP #221: Miner\u00eda ilegal en \u00e1reas naturales protegidas de la Amazon\u00eda ecuatoriana - MAAP\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"En una serie de reportes anteriores advertimos sobre el surgimiento y expansi\u00f3n de la deforestaci\u00f3n minera\u00a0en la\u00a0Amazon\u00eda ecuatoriana (MAAP #151, MAAP #172, MAAP 182, MAAP #219). 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