{"id":22782,"date":"2023-02-15T12:25:00","date_gmt":"2023-02-15T12:25:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/?p=22782"},"modified":"2024-09-26T18:42:44","modified_gmt":"2024-09-26T18:42:44","slug":"maap-179-portugues","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/pt-br\/maap-179-portugues\/","title":{"rendered":"MAAP #179: Desmatamento da Soja na Amaz\u00f4nia Boliviana"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/a>
Mapa Base. Desmatamento causado pela soja na Amaz\u00f4nia boliviana, 2001-2021. Clique no mapa para ampliar.<\/div><\/div>\n

\u00c9 de conhecimento geral que\u00a0commodities<\/strong>\u00a0como \u00f3leo de palma, soja e gado s\u00e3o os principais causadores do desmatamento tropical, mas estimativas concisas costumam ser dif\u00edceis.<\/p>\n

Novos conjuntos de dados baseados em sat\u00e9lite est\u00e3o melhorando essa situa\u00e7\u00e3o. Notavelmente, pesquisadores publicaram recentemente a primeira vis\u00e3o geral das\u00a0planta\u00e7\u00f5es de soja<\/strong>\u00a0para a Am\u00e9rica do Sul.\u00a01<\/sup><\/p>\n

Aqui, usamos esses dados para estimar\u00a0o desmatamento recente causado pela soja<\/strong>\u00a0na\u00a0Amaz\u00f4nia boliviana<\/strong>\u00a0.<\/p>\n

Na segunda parte desta s\u00e9rie, veja\u00a0MAAP #180<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0, incorporamos dados adicionais para estimar o papel das\u00a0col\u00f4nias menonitas<\/strong>\u00a0neste desmatamento de soja.<\/p>\n

Em resumo, documentamos o desmatamento maci\u00e7o causado pela soja de\u00a0904.518\u00a0<\/strong>hectares<\/strong>\u00a0(2,2 milh\u00f5es de acres) entre 2001 e 2021 na Amaz\u00f4nia boliviana (ver\u00a0Mapa Base<\/strong>\u00a0).<\/p>\n

Desse total, os menonitas causaram 23% (210.980 hectares, ou 521.344 acres).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Desmatamento de soja na Amaz\u00f4nia boliviana, 2001 \u2013 2021<\/strong><\/h3>\n

A soja cobriu 2,1 milh\u00f5es de hectares do sul da Amaz\u00f4nia boliviana nos \u00faltimos 20 anos, com cobertura atual em torno de 1,2 milh\u00e3o de hectares.<\/p>\n

N\u00f3s documentamos um n\u00edvel extremamente alto de desmatamento causado pela soja na Amaz\u00f4nia boliviana:\u00a0904.518\u00a0<\/strong>hectares<\/strong>\u00a0(2,2 milh\u00f5es de acres) entre 2001 e 2021 (veja\u00a0o Mapa Base<\/strong>\u00a0acima). Esta \u00e9 uma \u00e1rea enorme, semelhante ao tamanho do estado americano de Vermont.<\/p>\n

O desmatamento da soja atingiu o pico em 2008 (92.000 hectares), mas tem sido alto (>18.000 hectares) todos os anos entre 2001 e 2019, o que significa que este \u00e9 um problema persistente e de longa data.<\/p>\n

A grande maioria do desmatamento total ocorreu no departamento de Santa Cruz, al\u00e9m de uma pequena parte do departamento adjacente de Beni.<\/p>\n

Abaixo,\u00a0a Figura 1<\/strong>\u00a0mostra o desmatamento massivo geral de soja nos \u00faltimos 20 anos na Amaz\u00f4nia boliviana, comparando 2001 (painel esquerdo) com 2021 (painel direito).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Figura 1. Desmatamento de soja na Amaz\u00f4nia boliviana, 2001 vs 2021.<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

Desmatamento de soja na Amaz\u00f4nia boliviana, 2017 \u2013 2021<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Do desmatamento total de soja observado acima, 11% (\u00a0101.188 hectares<\/strong>\u00a0, ou 250.000 acres) ocorreu apenas nos \u00faltimos 5 anos (2017-21).<\/p>\n

Abaixo,\u00a0as Figuras 2-4<\/strong>\u00a0mostram exemplos desse desmatamento recente de soja, comparando 2017 (painel esquerdo) com 2021 (painel direito). Veja o Mapa Base acima para localiza\u00e7\u00f5es de inser\u00e7\u00f5es AC.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Figura 2. Desmatamento de soja na Amaz\u00f4nia boliviana, 2017 vs 2021.<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"\"<\/a>
Figura 3. Desmatamento de soja na Amaz\u00f4nia boliviana, 2017 vs 2021.<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"\"<\/a>
Figura 4. Desmatamento de soja na Amaz\u00f4nia boliviana, 2017 vs 2021.<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

Metodologia<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Para esta s\u00e9rie de relat\u00f3rios, empregamos uma metodologia de tr\u00eas partes.<\/p>\n

Primeiro, mapeamos a \u201c\u00e1rea plantada de soja\u201d de 2001 a 2021 com base nos dados de Song et al 2021.\u00a01<\/sup>\u00a0Esses dados est\u00e3o dispon\u00edveis no site GLAD da Universidade de Maryland \u201c\u00a0Mapeamento e monitoramento de culturas de commodities na Am\u00e9rica do Sul<\/a>\u00a0\u201d.<\/p>\n

Em segundo lugar, al\u00e9m da \u00e1rea plantada de soja mencionada acima, mapeamos a perda florestal de 2001 a 2021, tamb\u00e9m com base em dados da Universidade de Maryland.\u00a02<\/sup>\u00a0Isso serviu como nossa estimativa do desmatamento causado pela soja.<\/p>\n

Terceiro, al\u00e9m da \u00e1rea plantada de soja mencionada acima, incorporamos um conjunto de dados adicional de um estudo recente sobre a expans\u00e3o de col\u00f4nias menonitas na Am\u00e9rica Latina.\u00a03<\/sup>\u00a0Dados espaciais deste estudo\u00a0dispon\u00edveis aqui<\/a>\u00a0. Em seguida, estimamos a perda florestal para essas \u00e1reas selecionadas de soja menonita. Veja\u00a0MAAP #180<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Refer\u00eancias<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1<\/sup>\u00a0Song, XP, MC Hansen, P. Potopov, B. Adusei, J. Pickering, M. Adami, A. Lima, V. Zalles, SV Stehman, DM Di Bella, CM Cecilia, EJ Copati, LB Fernandes, A. Hernandez-Serna, SM Jantz, AH Pickens, S. Turubanova e A. Tyukavina. 2021. Grande expans\u00e3o da soja na Am\u00e9rica do Sul desde 2000 e implica\u00e7\u00f5es para a conserva\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

2<\/sup>\u00a0Hansen, MC, PV Potapov, R. Moore, M. Hancher, SA Turubanova, A. Tyukavina, D. Thau, SV Stehman, SJ Goetz, TR Loveland, A. Kommareddy, A. Egorov, L. Chini, CO Justice e JRG Townshend. 2013. \u201cMapas globais de alta resolu\u00e7\u00e3o da mudan\u00e7a da cobertura florestal do s\u00e9culo XXI.\u201d Science 342 (15 de novembro): 850\u201353. Dados dispon\u00edveis em: earthenginepartners.appspot.com\/science-2013-global-forest.<\/p>\n

3<\/sup>\u00a0Yann le Polain de Waroux, Janice Neumann, Anna O’Driscoll e Kerstin Schreiber (2021) Pioneiros piedosos: a expans\u00e3o das col\u00f4nias menonitas na Am\u00e9rica Latina, Journal of Land Use Science, 16:1, 1-17, DOI:\u00a0\u00a010.1080\/1747423X.2020.1855266<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Reconhecimentos<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Esses relat\u00f3rios fazem parte de uma s\u00e9rie focada na Amaz\u00f4nia boliviana por meio de uma colabora\u00e7\u00e3o estrat\u00e9gica entre as organiza\u00e7\u00f5es irm\u00e3s\u00a0Amazon Conservation in Bolivia\u00a0<\/strong>(ACEAA)<\/strong>\u00a0e Amazon Conservation in the US.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Cita\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Finer M, Ari\u00f1ez A (2023) Desmatamento de soja na Amaz\u00f4nia boliviana. MAAP #179.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c9 de conhecimento geral que\u00a0commodities\u00a0como \u00f3leo de palma, soja e gado s\u00e3o os principais causadores do desmatamento tropical, mas estimativas concisas costumam ser dif\u00edceis. Novos conjuntos de dados baseados em sat\u00e9lite est\u00e3o melhorando essa situa\u00e7\u00e3o. Notavelmente, pesquisadores publicaram recentemente a primeira vis\u00e3o geral das\u00a0planta\u00e7\u00f5es de soja\u00a0para a Am\u00e9rica do Sul.\u00a01 Aqui, usamos esses dados para […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"ftr_agriculture":[362,368],"carbon-and-climate-change":[],"ftr_country":[],"fire":[],"infrastructure-threat":[],"land-use":[],"mining-and-logging-threat":[],"natural-forest-loss":[],"special-analysis":[],"class_list":["post-22782","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nao-categorizado","ftr_agriculture-menonitas","ftr_agriculture-soja"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMAAP #179: Desmatamento da Soja na Amaz\u00f4nia Boliviana - MAAP<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/pt-br\/maap-179-portugues\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MAAP #179: Desmatamento da Soja na Amaz\u00f4nia Boliviana - MAAP\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00c9 de conhecimento geral que\u00a0commodities\u00a0como \u00f3leo de palma, soja e gado s\u00e3o os principais causadores do desmatamento tropical, mas estimativas concisas costumam ser dif\u00edceis. Novos conjuntos de dados baseados em sat\u00e9lite est\u00e3o melhorando essa situa\u00e7\u00e3o. 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