{"id":22844,"date":"2021-07-22T10:49:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-22T10:49:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/?p=22844"},"modified":"2024-09-26T18:12:40","modified_gmt":"2024-09-26T18:12:40","slug":"maap-141-portugues","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/pt-br\/maap-141-portugues\/","title":{"rendered":"MAAP #141: \u00c1reas Protegidas e Territ\u00f3rios Ind\u00edgenas Eficazes Contra o Desmatamento na Amaz\u00f4nia Ocidental"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_10313\" class=\"thumbnail alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/maaproject.org-maap-impact-of-protected-areas-and-indigenous-territories-in-the-western-amazon-MapA-2-PFL2017-20-PAs-IT-WesternAmz-200dpi-Eng-v2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10313\" src=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/maaproject.org-maap-impact-of-protected-areas-and-indigenous-territories-in-the-western-amazon-MapA-2-PFL2017-20-PAs-IT-WesternAmz-200dpi-Eng-v2-490x580.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"560\" height=\"663\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mapa Base. Perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria na Amaz\u00f4nia ocidental, com visualiza\u00e7\u00e3o ampliada dos dados. Clique para ampliar. Veja Metodologia para fontes de dados.<\/span><\/i><\/div><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aqui, avaliamos o impacto de duas das mais importantes designa\u00e7\u00f5es de uso da terra: <\/span><b>\u00e1reas protegidas e territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> .<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nossa \u00e1rea de estudo se concentrou nos quatro pa\u00edses megadiversos da <\/span><b>Amaz\u00f4nia ocidental<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ( <\/span><b>Bol\u00edvia, Col\u00f4mbia, Equador e Peru<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ), cobrindo uma vasta \u00e1rea de mais de 229 milh\u00f5es de hectares (ver <\/span><b>Mapa Base<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Calculamos <\/span><b>a perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> nos \u00faltimos quatro anos ( <\/span><b>2017-2020<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ) na Amaz\u00f4nia ocidental e analisamos os resultados em tr\u00eas principais categorias de uso da terra:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1) <\/span><b>\u00c1reas Protegidas<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (n\u00edveis nacional e estadual\/departamental), que cobriam 43 milh\u00f5es de hectares em 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2) <\/span><b>Territ\u00f3rios Ind\u00edgenas<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (oficiais), que cobriam mais de 58 milh\u00f5es de hectares em 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3) <\/span><b>Outros<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (ou seja, todas as \u00e1reas restantes fora das \u00e1reas protegidas e territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas), que cobriam os 127 milh\u00f5es de hectares restantes em 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Al\u00e9m disso, analisamos mais profundamente a Amaz\u00f4nia peruana e tamb\u00e9m inclu\u00edmos terras florestais de longo prazo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Em resumo<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> , descobrimos que, em m\u00e9dia, em todos os quatro anos, <\/span><b>as \u00e1reas protegidas<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> tiveram a menor taxa de perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria, seguidas de perto pelos <\/span><b>territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (ver Figura 1). Fora dessas \u00e1reas cr\u00edticas, a taxa de perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria foi mais que o dobro.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Abaixo, descrevemos os principais resultados com mais detalhes, incluindo uma an\u00e1lise detalhada de cada pa\u00eds.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"fitem-sep\"><\/div>\n<h3><b>Principais descobertas \u2013 Amaz\u00f4nia Ocidental<\/b><\/h3>\n<div id=\"attachment_10343\" class=\"thumbnail alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/maaproject.org-maap-impact-of-protected-areas-amp-indigenous-territories-in-the-western-amazon-Primary-Forest-Loss-Rates-in-the-Western-Amazon.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10343\" src=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/maaproject.org-maap-impact-of-protected-areas-amp-indigenous-territories-in-the-western-amazon-Primary-Forest-Loss-Rates-in-the-Western-Amazon.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"702\" height=\"434\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Figura 1. Taxas de perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria na Amaz\u00f4nia Ocidental.<\/span><\/i><\/div><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No geral, documentamos a perda de mais de <\/span><b>2 milh\u00f5es de hectares<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> de florestas prim\u00e1rias nos quatro pa\u00edses da Amaz\u00f4nia Ocidental entre 2017 e 2020. Dos quatro anos, 2020 teve a maior perda florestal (588.191 ha).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Desse total, 9% ocorreram em \u00e1reas protegidas (179.000 ha) e 15% ocorreram em territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas (320.000 ha), enquanto a grande maioria (76%) ocorreu fora dessas principais designa\u00e7\u00f5es de uso da terra (1,6 milh\u00e3o de ha).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Para padronizar esses resultados para as coberturas de \u00e1reas vari\u00e1veis, calculamos <\/span><b>as taxas de perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (perda\/\u00e1rea total de cada categoria). <\/span><b>A Figura 1<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> exibe os resultados combinados para essas taxas em todos os quatro pa\u00edses.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Entre <\/span><b>2017 e 2019<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> , as \u00e1reas protegidas ( <\/span><b>verde<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ) apresentaram as menores taxas de perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria em toda a Amaz\u00f4nia Ocidental (menos de 0,10%).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Os territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas ( <\/span><b>marrons<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ) tamb\u00e9m tiveram baixas taxas de perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria entre 2017 e 2018 (menos de 0,11%), mas isso aumentou em 2019 (0,18%) devido aos inc\u00eandios na Bol\u00edvia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No intenso ano da pandemia de COVID de <\/span><b>2020<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> , esse padr\u00e3o geral mudou, com elevada perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria em \u00e1reas protegidas, novamente em grande parte devido aos grandes inc\u00eandios na Bol\u00edvia. Assim, os territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas tiveram a menor taxa de perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria, seguidos por \u00e1reas protegidas (0,15% e 0,19%, respectivamente) em 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Em m\u00e9dia, em todos os quatro anos, <\/span><b>as \u00e1reas protegidas<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> tiveram a menor taxa de perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria (0,11%), seguidas de perto pelos <\/span><b>territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (0,14%). Fora dessas \u00e1reas cr\u00edticas ( <\/span><b>vermelho<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ), a taxa de perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria foi mais que o dobro (0,30%). As <\/span><b><i>\u00a0menores<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> taxas de perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria (menos de 0,10%) ocorreram nas <\/span><b>\u00e1reas protegidas do Equador e Peru<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (0,01% e 0,03%, respectivamente) e nos <\/span><b>territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas da Col\u00f4mbia<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (0,07%).<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"fitem-sep\"><\/div>\n<h3><b>Resultados do pa\u00eds<\/b><\/h3>\n<div id=\"attachment_10344\" class=\"thumbnail alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/maaproject.org-maap-impact-of-protected-areas-amp-indigenous-territories-in-the-western-amazon-Primary-Forest-Loss-Rates-in-the-Colombian-Amazon.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10344 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/maaproject.org-maap-impact-of-protected-areas-amp-indigenous-territories-in-the-western-amazon-Primary-Forest-Loss-Rates-in-the-Colombian-Amazon.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"703\" height=\"435\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Figura 2. Taxas de perda de florestas prim\u00e1rias na Amaz\u00f4nia colombiana.<\/span><\/i><\/div><\/div>\n<h4><b><i>Amaz\u00f4nia Colombiana<\/i><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A Col\u00f4mbia teve, de longe, as maiores taxas de perda de florestas prim\u00e1rias fora das \u00e1reas protegidas e territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas (m\u00e9dia de 0,67% em todos os quatro anos).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Em contraste, os territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas colombianos tiveram uma das menores taxas de perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria na Amaz\u00f4nia ocidental (m\u00e9dia de 0,07% em todos os quatro anos).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As taxas de perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria em \u00e1reas protegidas foram, em m\u00e9dia, quase o dobro daquelas dos territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas (principalmente devido ao alto desmatamento no Parque Nacional de Tinigua), mas ainda muito menores do que em \u00e1reas n\u00e3o protegidas.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"fitem-sep\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_10345\" class=\"thumbnail alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/maaproject.org-maap-impact-of-protected-areas-amp-indigenous-territories-in-the-western-amazon-Primary-Forest-Loss-Rates-in-the-Ecuadorian-Amazon.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10345 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/maaproject.org-maap-impact-of-protected-areas-amp-indigenous-territories-in-the-western-amazon-Primary-Forest-Loss-Rates-in-the-Ecuadorian-Amazon.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"699\" height=\"432\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Figura 3. Taxas de perda de florestas prim\u00e1rias na Amaz\u00f4nia equatoriana.<\/span><\/i><\/div><\/div>\n<h4><b><i>Amaz\u00f4nia equatoriana<\/i><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No geral, o Equador teve as menores taxas de perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria em todas as tr\u00eas categorias.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As \u00e1reas protegidas tiveram a menor taxa de perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria de qualquer categoria na Amaz\u00f4nia Ocidental (m\u00e9dia de 0,01% em todos os quatro anos).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Os territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas tamb\u00e9m apresentaram taxas de perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria relativamente baixas, com m\u00e9dia de metade daquelas registradas fora das \u00e1reas protegidas e territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas (0,10% vs 0,21%, respectivamente).<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"fitem-sep\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_10346\" class=\"thumbnail alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/maaproject.org-maap-impact-of-protected-areas-amp-indigenous-territories-in-the-western-amazon-Primary-Forest-Loss-Rates-in-the-Bolivian-Amazon.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10346 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/maaproject.org-maap-impact-of-protected-areas-amp-indigenous-territories-in-the-western-amazon-Primary-Forest-Loss-Rates-in-the-Bolivian-Amazon.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"433\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Figura 4. Taxas de perda de florestas prim\u00e1rias na Amaz\u00f4nia boliviana.<\/span><\/i><\/div><\/div>\n<h4><b><i>Amaz\u00f4nia boliviana<\/i><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A Bol\u00edvia teve os resultados mais din\u00e2micos, em grande parte devido \u00e0s intensas temporadas de inc\u00eandios em 2019 e 2020. Os territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas tiveram as menores taxas de perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria, com 2019 sendo a \u00fanica exce\u00e7\u00e3o, devido aos grandes inc\u00eandios no departamento de Santa Cruz que afetaram o territ\u00f3rio ind\u00edgena Monte Verde.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As \u00e1reas protegidas tiveram a menor taxa de perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria em 2019, mas, em extremo contraste, a maior no ano seguinte, em 2020, tamb\u00e9m devido aos grandes inc\u00eandios no departamento de Santa Cruz que afetaram o Parque Nacional Noel Kempff Mercado.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No geral, a perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria foi maior fora das \u00e1reas protegidas e territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas (m\u00e9dia de 0,33% em todos os quatro anos).<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"fitem-sep\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_10347\" class=\"thumbnail alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/maaproject.org-maap-impact-of-protected-areas-amp-indigenous-territories-in-the-western-amazon-Primary-Forest-Loss-Rates-in-the-Peruvian-Amazon.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10347 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/maaproject.org-maap-impact-of-protected-areas-amp-indigenous-territories-in-the-western-amazon-Primary-Forest-Loss-Rates-in-the-Peruvian-Amazon.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"697\" height=\"431\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Figura 5a. Taxas de perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana. Dados: UMD.<\/span><\/i><\/div><\/div>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Figura 5a. Taxas de perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana. Dados: UMD.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<h4><b><i>Amaz\u00f4nia peruana<\/i><\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Depois do Equador, o Peru tamb\u00e9m teve taxas relativamente baixas de perda de florestas prim\u00e1rias, particularmente em \u00e1reas protegidas (m\u00e9dia de 0,03% em todos os quatro anos).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria em territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas (ou seja, dados combinados para comunidades nativas e Reservas Territoriais\/Ind\u00edgenas para grupos em isolamento volunt\u00e1rio) foi surpreendentemente alta, semelhante \u00e0 de \u00e1reas fora de \u00e1reas protegidas em todos os quatro anos. Por exemplo, em 2020, a perda elevada de floresta prim\u00e1ria foi concentrada em v\u00e1rias comunidades nativas tituladas nas regi\u00f5es de Amazonas, Ucayali, Hu\u00e1nuco e Jun\u00edn.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"fitem-sep\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_10350\" class=\"thumbnail alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/maaproject.org-maap-protected-areas-amp-indigenous-territories-effective-against-deforestation-in-the-western-amazon-Deforestation-Rates-in-Peruvian-Amazon-Official.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10350 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/maaproject.org-maap-protected-areas-amp-indigenous-territories-effective-against-deforestation-in-the-western-amazon-Deforestation-Rates-in-Peruvian-Amazon-Official.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"433\" \/><\/a><div class=\"caption\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Figura 5b. Taxas de desmatamento na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana. Dados: MINAM\/Geobosques.<\/span><\/i><\/div><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conforme observado acima, conduzimos uma an\u00e1lise mais profunda para a Amaz\u00f4nia peruana, usando dados de desmatamento produzidos pelo governo peruano e adicionando a categoria adicional de terras florestais de longo prazo (conhecidas como Florestas de Produ\u00e7\u00e3o Permanentes, ou BPP em espanhol) (veja o mapa em anexo).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tamb\u00e9m separamos os dados dos territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas em comunidades nativas e Reservas Territoriais\/Ind\u00edgenas para grupos em isolamento volunt\u00e1rio, respectivamente.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Esses dados tamb\u00e9m mostram que o desmatamento foi menor nas Reservas Territoriais\/Ind\u00edgenas remotas, seguidas de perto pelas \u00e1reas protegidas (0,01% vs 0,02% em todos os quatro anos, respectivamente). O desmatamento em comunidades nativas tituladas foi de 0,21% em todos os quatro anos. Surpreendentemente, o desmatamento foi maior nas terras florestais do que nas \u00e1reas fora das \u00e1reas protegidas e territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas (0,30% vs 0,27% em todos os quatro anos).<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"fitem-sep\"><\/div>\n<h3><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/maaproject.org-maap-141-protected-areas-amp-indigenous-territories-effective-against-deforestation-in-the-western-amazon-MapB-2-FL2017-20-PAs-IT-BPP-Peru-PNCB-200dpi-Eng-v2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-10383\" src=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/maaproject.org-maap-141-protected-areas-amp-indigenous-territories-effective-against-deforestation-in-the-western-amazon-MapB-2-FL2017-20-PAs-IT-BPP-Peru-PNCB-200dpi-Eng-v2-448x580.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/strong><\/h3>\n<h3><b>Amaz\u00f4nia peruana<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O mapa a seguir mostra detalhes adicionais para o Peru, principalmente a inclus\u00e3o de terras florestais de longo prazo (conhecidas como Florestas de Produ\u00e7\u00e3o Permanentes, ou BPP em espanhol).<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"fitem-sep\"><\/div>\n<h3><b>*Metodologia<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Para estimar o desmatamento em todas as tr\u00eas categorias, usamos dados anuais de perda florestal (2017-20) da Universidade de Maryland (laborat\u00f3rio Global Land Analysis and Discovery GLAD) para ter uma fonte consistente em todos os quatro pa\u00edses (Hansen et al 2013).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Obtivemos esses dados, que t\u00eam uma resolu\u00e7\u00e3o espacial de 30 metros, da <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/earthenginepartners-hansen\/GFC-2020-v1.8\/download.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">p\u00e1gina de download de dados \u201cGlobal Forest Change 2000\u20132020\u201d<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> . Tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 poss\u00edvel visualizar e interagir com os dados no \u00a0 portal principal <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/glad.earthengine.app\/view\/global-forest-change#dl=1;old=off;bl=off;lon=20;lat=10;zoom=3;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">do Global Forest Change .<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c9 importante observar que esses dados incluem tanto o desmatamento causado pelo homem quanto a perda de florestas causada por for\u00e7as naturais (deslizamentos de terra, tempestades de vento, etc.).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tamb\u00e9m filtramos esses dados apenas para perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria, seguindo a metodologia estabelecida do Global Forest Watch. Floresta prim\u00e1ria \u00e9 geralmente definida como floresta intacta que n\u00e3o foi previamente desmatada (ao contr\u00e1rio de floresta secund\u00e1ria previamente desmatada, por exemplo). Aplicamos esse filtro cruzando os dados de perda de cobertura florestal com o conjunto de dados adicional \u201cflorestas tropicais \u00famidas prim\u00e1rias\u201d de 2001 (Turubanova et al 2018). Para mais detalhes sobre essa parte da metodologia, consulte o <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.globalforestwatch.org\/data-and-research\/technical-blog:-global-forest-watch's-2018-data-update-explained\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Blog T\u00e9cnico<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 do Global Forest Watch (Goldman e Weisse 2019).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Assim, frequentemente usamos o termo \u201c <\/span><b>perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u201d para descrever os dados.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dados apresentados como perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria ou <\/span><b>taxa<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> de desmatamento s\u00e3o padronizados pela \u00e1rea total coberta de cada categoria respectiva. Por exemplo, para comparar adequadamente dados brutos de perda de floresta em \u00e1reas que s\u00e3o de 100 hectares vs 1.000 hectares de tamanho total, respectivamente, dividimos pela \u00e1rea para padronizar o resultado.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nossa distribui\u00e7\u00e3o geogr\u00e1fica incluiu quatro pa\u00edses da Amaz\u00f4nia ocidental e consiste em uma combina\u00e7\u00e3o do limite da bacia hidrogr\u00e1fica da Amaz\u00f4nia (mais notavelmente na Bol\u00edvia) e do limite biogeogr\u00e1fico da Amaz\u00f4nia (mais notavelmente na Col\u00f4mbia), conforme definido pela RAISG. Veja o Mapa Base acima para delinear esse limite h\u00edbrido da Amaz\u00f4nia, projetado para inclus\u00e3o m\u00e1xima.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fontes de dados adicionais incluem: \u00c1reas protegidas em n\u00edvel nacional e estadual\/departamental: RUNAP 2020 (Col\u00f4mbia), SNAP 2017 e RAISG 2020 (Equador), SERNAP e ACEAA 2020 (Bol\u00edvia) e SERNANP 2020 (Peru).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Territ\u00f3rios Ind\u00edgenas: RAISG 2020 (Col\u00f4mbia, Equador e Bol\u00edvia) e MINCU &amp; ACCA 2020 (Peru). Para o Peru, isso inclui comunidades nativas tituladas e Reservas Ind\u00edgenas\/Territoriais para grupos ind\u00edgenas em isolamento volunt\u00e1rio.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Para a an\u00e1lise adicional no Peru, usamos dados de desmatamento do MINAM\/Geobosques (note que este \u00e9 o desmatamento real e n\u00e3o a perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria) e dados do BPP do SERFOR. Tamb\u00e9m separamos dados de comunidades nativas tituladas e Reservas Territoriais\/Ind\u00edgenas para grupos em isolamento volunt\u00e1rio.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"fitem-sep\"><\/div>\n<h3><b>Reconhecimentos<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Agradecemos a M. MacDowell (AAF), A. Folhadella (ACA), J. Beavers (ACA), S. Novoa (ACCA) e D. Larrea (ACEAA) por seus coment\u00e1rios \u00fateis sobre este relat\u00f3rio.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Este trabalho foi apoiado pelo Fundo Andino-Amaz\u00f4nico (AAF), pela Ag\u00eancia Norueguesa de Coopera\u00e7\u00e3o para o Desenvolvimento (NORAD) e pelo Fundo Internacional de Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o do Canad\u00e1 (ICFC).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/maaproject.org-maap-protected-areas-amp-indigenous-territories-effective-against-deforestation-in-the-western-amazon-funderslogos-norad-icfc-aaf-01.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-10349\" src=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/maaproject.org-maap-protected-areas-amp-indigenous-territories-effective-against-deforestation-in-the-western-amazon-funderslogos-norad-icfc-aaf-01.png\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"fitem-sep\"><\/div>\n<h3><b>Cita\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Finer M, Mamani N, Silman M (2021) \u00c1reas protegidas e territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas eficazes contra o desmatamento na Amaz\u00f4nia Ocidental. MAAP: 141.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"fitem-sep\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aqui, avaliamos o impacto de duas das mais importantes designa\u00e7\u00f5es de uso da terra: \u00e1reas protegidas e territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas . Nossa \u00e1rea de estudo se concentrou nos quatro pa\u00edses megadiversos da Amaz\u00f4nia ocidental ( Bol\u00edvia, Col\u00f4mbia, Equador e Peru ), cobrindo uma vasta \u00e1rea de mais de 229 milh\u00f5es de hectares (ver Mapa Base ). [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"ftr_agriculture":[],"carbon-and-climate-change":[],"ftr_country":[484,485,400],"fire":[],"infrastructure-threat":[],"land-use":[457,458],"mining-and-logging-threat":[],"natural-forest-loss":[],"special-analysis":[],"class_list":["post-22844","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nao-categorizado","ftr_country-colombia-3","ftr_country-equador","ftr_country-peru","land-use-areas-protegidas-pt-br","land-use-territorios-indigenas-pt-br"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>MAAP #141: \u00c1reas Protegidas e Territ\u00f3rios Ind\u00edgenas Eficazes Contra o Desmatamento na Amaz\u00f4nia Ocidental - MAAP<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/pt-br\/maap-141-portugues\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MAAP #141: \u00c1reas Protegidas e Territ\u00f3rios Ind\u00edgenas Eficazes Contra o Desmatamento na Amaz\u00f4nia Ocidental - MAAP\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Aqui, avaliamos o impacto de duas das mais importantes designa\u00e7\u00f5es de uso da terra: \u00e1reas protegidas e territ\u00f3rios ind\u00edgenas . 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