{"id":22995,"date":"2020-06-03T16:42:00","date_gmt":"2020-06-03T16:42:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/?p=22995"},"modified":"2024-09-26T18:11:12","modified_gmt":"2024-09-26T18:11:12","slug":"maap-120-portugues","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/pt-br\/maap-120-portugues\/","title":{"rendered":"MAAP #120: Desmatamento na Amaz\u00f4nia Colombiana \u2013 2020"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/a>
Tabela 1. Desmatamento de floresta prim\u00e1ria na Amaz\u00f4nia colombiana, 2015-20. Dados: Hansen\/UMD\/Google\/USGS\/NASA, UMD\/GLAD. *At\u00e9 maio de 2020<\/span><\/i><\/div><\/div>\n

Aqui apresentamos uma primeira an\u00e1lise do desmatamento de floresta prim\u00e1ria na <\/span>Amaz\u00f4nia colombiana em 2020<\/b> , em rela\u00e7\u00e3o aos novos dados anuais publicados para <\/span>2019.<\/b> *<\/span><\/p>\n

Esses novos dados confirmam que o desmatamento <\/span>diminuiu em 2019<\/b> (91.400 hectares) ap\u00f3s um pico em 2018 (153.900 hectares).<\/span><\/p>\n

A Tabela 1<\/b> mostra a <\/span>tend\u00eancia recente<\/b> : um grande pico de desmatamento ap\u00f3s o acordo de paz de 2016 (entre o governo colombiano e as FARC), com um pico em 2018, seguido por uma grande redu\u00e7\u00e3o em 2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

Em nossa primeira an\u00e1lise de <\/span>2020<\/b> , estimamos o desmatamento de 76.200 hectares (188.295 acres) de floresta prim\u00e1ria at\u00e9 junho.<\/span><\/p>\n

Observe que documentamos o desmatamento de <\/span>444.000 hectares<\/b> (mais de um milh\u00e3o de acres) de floresta prim\u00e1ria na Amaz\u00f4nia colombiana nos \u00faltimos quatro anos desde o acordo de paz.<\/span><\/p>\n

*A Global Forest Watch divulgou recentemente os dados anuais de perda florestal de 2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Pontos cr\u00edticos de desfloresta\u00e7\u00e3o \u2013 2020<\/b><\/h3>\n
\"\"<\/a>
Mapa base. Pontos cr\u00edticos de desmatamento na Amaz\u00f4nia colombiana em 2020. Dados: UMD\/GLAD.<\/span><\/i><\/div><\/div>\n

O Mapa Base mostra os <\/span>pontos cr\u00edticos de desmatamento em 2020.<\/b> *<\/span><\/p>\n

Como nos anos anteriores, eles est\u00e3o concentrados em um \u201c <\/span>arco de desmatamento<\/b> \u201d no noroeste da Amaz\u00f4nia colombiana.<\/span><\/p>\n

Este arco inclui <\/span>quatro \u00e1reas protegidas<\/b> (Parques Nacionais Tinigua, Chiribiquete e Macarena, e Reserva Nacional Nukak) que perderam mais de <\/span>7.700 hectares<\/b> (19.000 acres) de floresta prim\u00e1ria em 2020 (ver Tabela 2).<\/span><\/p>\n

O Parque Nacional Tinigua<\/b> \u00e9 a \u00e1rea protegida mais impactada, com o desmatamento de 5.100 hectares (12.600 acres). Observe a rara ocorr\u00eancia de um grande hotspot de desmatamento no meio de um parque nacional.<\/span><\/p>\n

O Parque Nacional Chiribiquete<\/b> perdeu 510 hectares (1.260 acres) nas se\u00e7\u00f5es recentemente expandidas do parque.<\/span><\/p>\n

O arco do desmatamento tamb\u00e9m inclui duas <\/span>Reservas Ind\u00edgenas<\/b> (Plan\u00edcies Nukak-Maku e Yari-Yaguara II) que perderam 4.000 hectares (9.885 acres) at\u00e9 agora em<\/span><\/p>\n

*Para ver o mapa detalhado do desmatamento florestal prim\u00e1rio de 2019-20 na Amaz\u00f4nia colombiana, <\/span>clique aqui<\/span><\/a> .<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Desmatamento em \u00c1reas Protegidas e Terras Ind\u00edgenas \u2013 2020<\/b><\/h3>\n

Abaixo, mostramos exemplos de 2020 dentro do arco de desmatamento na Amaz\u00f4nia noroeste colombiana.<\/span><\/p>\n

A imagem 1<\/b> ilustra o extenso desmatamento no <\/span>Parque Nacional de Tinigua<\/b> nos \u00faltimos cinco anos, continuando em 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n

A imagem 2<\/b> mostra um exemplo de desmatamento no <\/span>Parque Nacional Chiribiquete<\/b> (setor oeste) entre janeiro (painel esquerdo) e abril (painel direito) de 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n

A imagem 3<\/b> mostra um exemplo de desmatamento na <\/span>Reserva Ind\u00edgena Llanos del Yari-Yaguara II<\/b> entre janeiro (painel esquerdo) e abril (painel direito) de 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Imagem 1. Desmatamento extensivo no Parque Nacional de Tinigua nos \u00faltimos cinco anos, continuando em 2020. Dados: Hansen\/UMD\/Google\/USGS\/NASA, UMD\/GLAD.<\/span><\/i><\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"\"<\/a>
Imagem 2. Desmatamento no Parque Nacional de Chirbiquete (setor ocidental) entre janeiro (painel esquerdo) e abril (painel direito) de 2020. Dados: ESA, Planet, MAAP.<\/span><\/i><\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\"\"<\/a>
Image 3. Deforestation in Llanos del Yari-Yaguara II Indigenous Reserve. Data: ESA, Planet, MAAP.<\/span><\/i>AP.<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

Desfloresta\u00e7\u00e3o em \u00c1reas Protegidas, 2015-20<\/b><\/h3>\n

A Tabela 2<\/b> mostra a perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria em quatro \u00e1reas protegidas localizadas no arco de desmatamento no noroeste da Amaz\u00f4nia colombiana, entre 2015 e 2020.<\/span><\/h3>\n
\"\"<\/a>
Tabela 2. Perda de floresta prim\u00e1ria em quatro \u00e1reas protegidas no noroeste da Amaz\u00f4nia colombiana, entre 2015 e 2020. Dados: Hansen\/UMD\/Google\/USGS\/NASA, UMD\/GLAD.<\/span><\/i><\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n

Metodologia<\/b><\/h3>\n

Os dados apresentados neste relat\u00f3rio foram gerados pelo laborat\u00f3rio <\/span>Global Land Analysis and Discovery<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 (GLAD) da Universidade de Maryland (Hansen et al 2013) e apresentados pelo\u00a0 <\/span>Global Forest Watch<\/span><\/a> . Para os anos de 2015-18, usamos dados anuais de perda florestal. Para os anos de 2019-20, usamos alertas de alerta precoce (alertas GLAD) e, portanto, representamos uma estimativa. Observe que algumas perdas florestais detectadas no in\u00edcio do ano podem incluir eventos do final do ano anterior.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nossa \u00e1rea de estudo \u00e9 o limite biogeogr\u00e1fico da Amaz\u00f4nia (n\u00e3o a bacia hidrogr\u00e1fica estrita da Amaz\u00f4nia), conforme destacado no Mapa Base.<\/span><\/p>\n

Especificamente, para nossa estimativa de perda de cobertura florestal, multiplicamos os dados anuais de \u201cperda de cobertura florestal\u201d pela porcentagem de densidade da \u201ccobertura de \u00e1rvores\u201d do ano de 2001 (valores >30%).<\/span><\/p>\n

Para nossa estimativa de\u00a0 perda <\/span>de floresta prim\u00e1ria<\/b>\u00a0 , cruzamos os dados de perda de cobertura florestal com o conjunto de dados adicional \u201cflorestas tropicais \u00famidas prim\u00e1rias\u201d de 2001 (Turubanova et al 2018). Para mais detalhes sobre esta parte da metodologia, veja o\u00a0 <\/span>Technical Blog<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 do Global Forest Watch (Goldman e Weisse 2019).<\/span><\/p>\n

Todos os dados foram processados \u200b\u200bsob o sistema de coordenadas geogr\u00e1ficas WGS 1984. Para calcular as \u00e1reas em unidades m\u00e9tricas foi utilizada a proje\u00e7\u00e3o UTM (Universal Transversal Mercator): Col\u00f4mbia 18 Norte.<\/span><\/p>\n

Por fim, para identificar os hotspots de desmatamento, conduzimos uma estimativa de densidade kernel. Esse tipo de an\u00e1lise calcula a magnitude por unidade de \u00e1rea de um fen\u00f4meno espec\u00edfico, neste caso, a perda de cobertura florestal. Conduzimos essa an\u00e1lise usando a ferramenta Kernel Density do Spatial Analyst Tool Box do ArcGIS. Usamos os seguintes par\u00e2metros:<\/span><\/p>\n

Raio de busca: 15.000 unidades de camada (metros)<\/span>
\n<\/span>Fun\u00e7\u00e3o de densidade do kernel: Fun\u00e7\u00e3o do kernel qu\u00e1rtico<\/span>
\n<\/span>Tamanho da c\u00e9lula no mapa: 200 x 200 metros (4 hectares)<\/span>
\n<\/span>Todo o resto foi deixado na configura\u00e7\u00e3o padr\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n

Para o Mapa Base, usamos os seguintes percentuais de concentra\u00e7\u00e3o: M\u00e9dio: 10%-20%; Alto: 21%-35%; Muito Alto: >35%.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Agradecimentos<\/b><\/h3>\n

Agradecemos a R. Botero (FCDS), E. Ortiz (AAF) e G. Palacios pelos coment\u00e1rios \u00fateis \u00e0s vers\u00f5es anteriores deste relat\u00f3rio.<\/span><\/p>\n

Este trabalho foi apoiado pelos seguintes financiadores principais: Ag\u00eancia Norueguesa para Coopera\u00e7\u00e3o para o Desenvolvimento (NORAD), Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Gordon e Betty Moore, Fundo Internacional de Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o do Canad\u00e1 (ICFC), Metabolic Studio, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Erol, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o MacArthur e Fundo de Pequenos Subs\u00eddios da Global Forest Watch (WRI).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Cita\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><\/h3>\n

Finer M, Mamani N (2020) Desmatamento na Amaz\u00f4nia Colombiana \u2013 2020. MAAP #120.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Aqui apresentamos uma primeira an\u00e1lise do desmatamento de floresta prim\u00e1ria na Amaz\u00f4nia colombiana em 2020 , em rela\u00e7\u00e3o aos novos dados anuais publicados para 2019. * Esses novos dados confirmam que o desmatamento diminuiu em 2019 (91.400 hectares) ap\u00f3s um pico em 2018 (153.900 hectares). A Tabela 1 mostra a tend\u00eancia recente : um grande […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"ftr_agriculture":[],"carbon-and-climate-change":[],"ftr_country":[484],"fire":[],"infrastructure-threat":[],"land-use":[],"mining-and-logging-threat":[],"natural-forest-loss":[],"special-analysis":[],"class_list":["post-22995","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nao-categorizado","ftr_country-colombia-3"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMAAP #120: Desmatamento na Amaz\u00f4nia Colombiana \u2013 2020 - MAAP<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/pt-br\/maap-120-portugues\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MAAP #120: Desmatamento na Amaz\u00f4nia Colombiana \u2013 2020 - MAAP\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Aqui apresentamos uma primeira an\u00e1lise do desmatamento de floresta prim\u00e1ria na Amaz\u00f4nia colombiana em 2020 , em rela\u00e7\u00e3o aos novos dados anuais publicados para 2019. * Esses novos dados confirmam que o desmatamento diminuiu em 2019 (91.400 hectares) ap\u00f3s um pico em 2018 (153.900 hectares). 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