{"id":23077,"date":"2019-04-13T16:44:00","date_gmt":"2019-04-13T16:44:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/?p=23077"},"modified":"2024-09-04T13:38:31","modified_gmt":"2024-09-04T13:38:31","slug":"maap-99-portugues","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/pt-br\/maap-99-portugues\/","title":{"rendered":"MAAP #99: Detec\u00e7\u00e3o de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira ilegal na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/a>
Nova estrada madeireira na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana. Dados: Planet.<\/span><\/div><\/div>\n

Na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana, a maior parte da explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira \u00e9 seletiva (n\u00e3o desmatamento), com os alvos sendo esp\u00e9cies de maior valor. Assim, a explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira ilegal \u00e9 dif\u00edcil de detectar com imagens de sat\u00e9lite.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

No entanto, no\u00a0<\/span>MAAP #85<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0, apresentamos o potencial das imagens de sat\u00e9lite na identifica\u00e7\u00e3o\u00a0<\/span>de estradas de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, que s\u00e3o um dos principais indicadores da atividade madeireira na remota Amaz\u00f4nia.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aqui, damos um passo adiante e mostramos como combinar dados de estradas de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira com dados adicionais de uso da terra, como licen\u00e7as e concess\u00f5es florestais, para identificar poss\u00edvel\u00a0<\/span>explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira ilegal.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Esta an\u00e1lise, baseada na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana, tem duas partes.\u00a0<\/span>Primeiro<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, identificamos a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de novas estradas de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira em 2018, atualizando nosso conjunto de dados anterior de 2015-17 (veja\u00a0<\/span>Base Map<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0).<\/span><\/p>\n

Em segundo lugar,<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0analisamos essas novas estradas de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira em rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0s informa\u00e7\u00f5es espaciais adicionais agora dispon\u00edveis nos portais da web do governo*, a fim de identificar poss\u00edveis ilegalidades.<\/span><\/p>\n

*Analisamos informa\u00e7\u00f5es em v\u00e1rios sites agora dispon\u00edveis de autoridades nacionais e regionais, como\u00a0<\/span>SISFOR<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(OSINFOR),\u00a0<\/span>GEOSERFOR<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(SERFOR) e\u00a0<\/span>IDERs<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(Spatial Data Infrastructure of Regional government). Esses novos recursos fornecem informa\u00e7\u00f5es valiosas, no entanto, podem ter limita\u00e7\u00f5es na capacidade de atualizar constantemente informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre o status de concess\u00f5es e licen\u00e7as florestais.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
\"\"<\/a>
Mapa Base. Estradas de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira. Dados: MAAP, SERNANP<\/span><\/div><\/div>\n

Mapa Base<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

O\u00a0<\/span>Mapa Base<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0ilustra a localiza\u00e7\u00e3o precisa das estradas madeireiras constru\u00eddas na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana nos \u00faltimos quatro anos.<\/span><\/p>\n

Anteriormente (\u00a0<\/span>MAAP #85<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0), estimamos a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de 2.200 quil\u00f4metros de estradas de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira durante\u00a0<\/span>2015-17<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0(amarelo).<\/span><\/p>\n

Aqui, estimamos a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de mais\u00a0<\/span>1.100 km<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0em\u00a0<\/span>2018<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0(\u00a0<\/span>rosa<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0).<\/span><\/p>\n

Assim, no total, documentamos a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de\u00a0<\/span>3.300 km<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0de estradas madeireiras nos \u00faltimos quatro anos (2015-18).<\/span><\/p>\n

Observe que essas estradas madeireiras est\u00e3o concentradas principalmente nas regi\u00f5es de Ucayali, Madre de Dios (nordeste) e Loreto (sul).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Casos de Poss\u00edvel Explora\u00e7\u00e3o Florestal Ilegal<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

A.\u00a0<\/span><\/em>Estradas de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira em \u00e1reas n\u00e3o florestais<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n

O Zoom A<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0mostra a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de uma estrada de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira al\u00e9m da divisa de uma licen\u00e7a florestal, em uma \u00e1rea n\u00e3o florestal. Neste caso, a estrada se estende perto (200 metros) da divisa de uma \u00e1rea protegida (Reserva Comunal Ashaninka). \u00c9 importante ressaltar que este tipo de an\u00e1lise requer informa\u00e7\u00f5es frequentemente atualizadas das entidades que concedem licen\u00e7as florestais, como governos regionais\u00a0<\/span>. \u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Zoom A. Dados: Planeta, MAAP, SERNANP, OSINFOR, IBC<\/span><\/div><\/div>\n

<\/div><\/h4>\n

\nB.\u00a0<\/span><\/em>Estradas de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira em concess\u00f5es canceladas<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n

O Zoom B<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0mostra a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de estradas de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira dentro de concess\u00f5es madeireiras classificadas como \u201cCaducado\u201d ou canceladas (n\u00e3o mais ativas). Esse tipo de an\u00e1lise tamb\u00e9m requer informa\u00e7\u00f5es frequentemente atualizadas sobre o status das concession\u00e1rias florestais.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Zoom B. Dados: Planeta, MAAP, OSINFOR, GOREU<\/span><\/div><\/div>\n

<\/div><\/h4>\n

C. Estradas de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira em concess\u00f5es de castanha-do-brasil<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n

O Zoom C<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0mostra a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de estradas de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira dentro de uma concess\u00e3o florestal de castanha-do-brasil. Embora alguma extra\u00e7\u00e3o de madeira gerenciada seja permitida em concess\u00f5es de castanha-do-brasil, a constru\u00e7\u00e3o extensiva de duas estradas de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira, juntamente com os limites irregulares da \u00e1rea de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira, chamaram a aten\u00e7\u00e3o. Uma investiga\u00e7\u00e3o detalhada do Servi\u00e7o Florestal Peruano (SERFOR) e do promotor ambiental (FEMA) revelou a ilegalidade dessa atividade madeireira (veja\u00a0<\/span>este artigo<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0da Mongabay para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es).<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Zoom C. Dados: Planeta, MAAP, OSINFOR<\/span><\/div><\/div>\n

<\/div><\/h4>\n

\nD. Estradas de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira em \u00e1reas protegidas<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n

O Zoom D<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0mostra parte de uma estrada de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira entrando em uma \u00e1rea protegida (Reserva Comunal El Sira). Parece que esta se\u00e7\u00e3o da reserva se sobrep\u00f5e a uma licen\u00e7a florestal obtida ap\u00f3s a cria\u00e7\u00e3o da \u00e1rea protegida. Vale ressaltar que, de acordo com a lei peruana, a extra\u00e7\u00e3o de madeira n\u00e3o \u00e9 permitida dentro de \u00e1reas protegidas como El Sira.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Zoom D. Dados: Planeta, MAAP, SERNANP, OSINFOR, GOREU, IBC<\/span><\/div><\/div>\n

O SERNANP (Servi\u00e7o Nacional de \u00c1reas Naturais Protegidas do Peru) comunicou esses fatos \u00e0 regi\u00e3o da Promotoria Provincial Especializada em Meio Ambiente de Ucayali (sede de Atalaya). Al\u00e9m disso, o SERNANP est\u00e1 gerenciando o processo de anula\u00e7\u00e3o da licen\u00e7a, uma vez que n\u00e3o conta com o parecer t\u00e9cnico do SERNANP, requisito conforme estabelecido pela regulamenta\u00e7\u00e3o atual.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Refer\u00eancias<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Planet Team (2017). Planet Application Program Interface: No espa\u00e7o para a vida na Terra. S\u00e3o Francisco, CA.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>https:\/\/api.planet.com<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Agradecimentos<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Agradecemos \u00e0 OSINFOR, SERNANP Alfredo C\u00f3ndor (ACCA) e Lorena Durand (ACCA) pelos coment\u00e1rios \u00fateis a este relat\u00f3rio.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

Cita\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Villa L, Finer M (2019) Detec\u00e7\u00e3o de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira ilegal na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana. MAAP: 99.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana, a maior parte da explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira \u00e9 seletiva (n\u00e3o desmatamento), com os alvos sendo esp\u00e9cies de maior valor. Assim, a explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira ilegal \u00e9 dif\u00edcil de detectar com imagens de sat\u00e9lite. No entanto, no\u00a0MAAP #85\u00a0, apresentamos o potencial das imagens de sat\u00e9lite na identifica\u00e7\u00e3o\u00a0de estradas de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira\u00a0, que s\u00e3o um dos […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"ftr_agriculture":[],"carbon-and-climate-change":[],"ftr_country":[400],"fire":[],"infrastructure-threat":[454],"land-use":[],"mining-and-logging-threat":[460],"natural-forest-loss":[],"special-analysis":[],"class_list":["post-23077","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nao-categorizado","ftr_country-peru","infrastructure-threat-estradas","mining-and-logging-threat-exploracao-madeireira"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMAAP #99: Detec\u00e7\u00e3o de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira ilegal na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana - MAAP<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/pt-br\/maap-99-portugues\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MAAP #99: Detec\u00e7\u00e3o de explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira ilegal na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana - MAAP\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana, a maior parte da explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira \u00e9 seletiva (n\u00e3o desmatamento), com os alvos sendo esp\u00e9cies de maior valor. Assim, a explora\u00e7\u00e3o madeireira ilegal \u00e9 dif\u00edcil de detectar com imagens de sat\u00e9lite. 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