{"id":23079,"date":"2019-03-01T10:18:00","date_gmt":"2019-03-01T10:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/?p=23079"},"modified":"2024-09-04T16:14:09","modified_gmt":"2024-09-04T16:14:09","slug":"maap-98-portugues","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/pt-br\/maap-98-portugues\/","title":{"rendered":"MAAP #98: Pontos cr\u00edticos de desmatamento na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana, 2018"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/a>
Mapa B\u00e1sico. Pontos cr\u00edticos de desmatamento em 2018. Dados: PNCB\/MINAM, SERNANP<\/span><\/i><\/div><\/div>\n

Gra\u00e7as aos alertas de perda florestal de alerta precoce*, podemos fazer uma avalia\u00e7\u00e3o inicial dos <\/span>pontos cr\u00edticos de desmatamento de 2018<\/b> na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana.<\/span><\/p>\n

O <\/span>Mapa Base<\/b>\u00a0 destaca os hotspots m\u00e9dios (amarelos) a altos ( <\/span>vermelhos<\/b> ). Neste contexto, os hotspots s\u00e3o as \u00e1reas com a maior densidade de alertas de perda florestal.<\/span><\/p>\n

Note que os hotspots mais intensos est\u00e3o concentrados no sul da Amaz\u00f4nia peruana, particularmente na regi\u00e3o <\/span>de Madre de Dios<\/b> . Em anos anteriores, hotspots intensos tamb\u00e9m estavam concentrados na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana central.<\/span><\/p>\n

Em seguida, nos concentramos em 5 pontos de interesse (Zooms AE).<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. La Pampa <\/b>(Madre de Dios)<\/span>
    \n<\/span>B.<\/span> Bahuaja Sonene National Park (surroundings) <\/b>(Madre de Dios, Puno)<\/span>
    \n<\/span>C.<\/span> Iberia<\/b> (Madre de Dios)<\/span>
    \n<\/span>D. <\/span>Organized<\/b> Deforestation <\/b>(Ucayali, Loreto)<\/span>
    \n<\/span>E. <\/span>Central<\/b> Amazon <\/b>(Ucayali, Hu\u00e1nuco)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    *Os dados apresentados neste relat\u00f3rio s\u00e3o uma estimativa baseada em dados de alerta precoce gerados pelo Programa Nacional de Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o Florestal para a Mitiga\u00e7\u00e3o das Mudan\u00e7as Clim\u00e1ticas do Minist\u00e9rio do Meio Ambiente do Peru (PNCB\/MINAM). Tamb\u00e9m analisamos alertas GLAD da Universidade de Maryland, obtidos do <\/span>Global Forest Watch<\/span><\/a> .<\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/div>\n

    A. La Pampa (M\u00e3e de Deus)<\/b><\/h3>\n

    O Zoom A<\/b>\u00a0 mostra dois casos importantes na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana meridional (regi\u00e3o de Madre de Dios). Primeiro, o desmatamento da <\/span>minera\u00e7\u00e3o de ouro ao sul da Rodovia Interoce\u00e2nica na \u00e1rea conhecida como La Pampa. \u00c9 importante enfatizar que o governo peruano acaba de iniciar a \u201c <\/b>Opera\u00e7\u00e3o Merc\u00fario 2019<\/b><\/a> \u201d (Operaci\u00f3n Mercurio 2019), uma megaopera\u00e7\u00e3o multissetorial e abrangente que visa erradicar a minera\u00e7\u00e3o ilegal e o crime associado em La Pampa, bem como promover o desenvolvimento na regi\u00e3o. Segundo, o desmatamento devido \u00e0 atividade agr\u00edcola ao norte da rodovia. Como em todos os mapas de zoom abaixo, <\/span>o rosa<\/b> indica perda de floresta em 2018.<\/span><\/h3>\n
    \"\"<\/a>
    Zoom A. La Pampa. Dados: PNCB\/MINAM, SERNANP, ACCA, ESA<\/span><\/i><\/div><\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n

    B. Parque Nacional Zonas Bahuaja (arredores)\u00a0 (Madre de Dios, Puno)<\/b><\/h3>\n

    O Zoom B<\/b>\u00a0 tamb\u00e9m mostra dois casos importantes na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana meridional (regi\u00f5es de Madre de Dios e Puno), ao redor do Parque Nacional Bahuaja Sonone. Primeiro, ao norte do parque, h\u00e1 desmatamento <\/span>para minera\u00e7\u00e3o de ouro<\/b> ao longo do alto Rio Malinowski. A ag\u00eancia peruana de \u00e1reas protegidas (SERNANP) aponta que eles limitaram o desmatamento ao sul do rio (dire\u00e7\u00e3o ao parque nacional) devido \u00e0s suas patrulhas intensificadas naquele lado. Segundo, ao sul do parque, h\u00e1 desmatamento n\u00e3o minerador (parcialmente agr\u00edcola).<\/span>

    <\/div><\/p>\n

    C. Ib\u00e9ria (M\u00e3e de Deus)<\/b><\/h3>\n

    O Zoom C <\/b>\u00a0nos leva para o outro lado de Madre de Dios, ao redor da cidade de Iberia, perto da fronteira com o Brasil e a Bol\u00edvia. Esta \u00e1rea est\u00e1 sofrendo um extenso desmatamento devido \u00e0 atividade agr\u00edcola. O desmatamento mais intenso \u00e9 apenas da Iberia, onde uma comunidade religiosa de fazendeiros (Arca Pacahuara) est\u00e1 supostamente estabelecendo grandes planta\u00e7\u00f5es de milho (Refer\u00eancias 1-2). Grande parte do desmatamento de 2018 (e 2017) est\u00e1 ocorrendo dentro de concess\u00f5es florestais, onde a agricultura n\u00e3o \u00e9 permitida.<\/span><\/h3>\n
    \"\"<\/a>
    Zoom C. Ib\u00e9ria. Dados: PNCB\/MINAM, SERNANP, Planeta<\/span><\/i><\/div><\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n

    D. Desmatamento Organizado\u00a0 (Ucayali, Loreto)<\/b><\/h3>\n

    Em 2018, documentamos dois casos semelhantes na Amaz\u00f4nia central peruana. Ambos t\u00eam formas semelhantes de desmatamento organizado, caracterizado pelo que parecem ser lotes agr\u00edcolas dispostos ao longo de novas estradas de acesso. <\/span>O Zoom D<\/b>\u00a0 mostra o caso Masisea (painel esquerdo, zoom D1) e o caso Sarayaku (painel direito, zoom D2). Veja <\/span>MAAP #92<\/span><\/a> para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/span><\/h3>\n
    \"\"<\/a>
    Zoom D. Desfloresta\u00e7\u00e3o organizada. Dados: PNCB\/MINAM, SERNANP, ESA<\/span><\/i><\/div><\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n

    E. Central Amazon (Ucayali, Hu\u00e1nuco)<\/b><\/h3>\n

    Como nos <\/span>anos anteriores<\/span><\/a> , houve um desmatamento extensivo na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana central (regi\u00f5es de Ucayali e Hu\u00e1nuco). <\/span>O Zoom E<\/b> mostra um exemplo: desmatamento em pequena e m\u00e9dia escala ao redor de um par de planta\u00e7\u00f5es de \u00f3leo de palma em grande escala. Parte do desmatamento recente est\u00e1 ocorrendo dentro de \u201cFlorestas de Produ\u00e7\u00e3o Permanente\u201d, \u00e1reas com zoneamento florestal onde a agricultura n\u00e3o \u00e9 permitida. Esta \u00e1rea tamb\u00e9m corresponde ao t\u00edtulo territorial proposto da comunidade ind\u00edgena Shipibo de Santa Clara de Uchunya (veja <\/span>aqui<\/span><\/a> para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es).<\/span><\/h3>\n
    \"\"<\/a>
    Zoom E. Central Amazon. Data: PNCB\/MINAM, SERNANP, ESA<\/span><\/i><\/div><\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n

    Metodologia<\/b><\/h3>\n

    Realizamos esta an\u00e1lise utilizando a ferramenta Kernel Density do Spatial Analyst Tool Box do ArcGIS, utilizando os seguintes par\u00e2metros:<\/span><\/p>\n

    Raio de busca: 15.000 unidades de camada (metros)<\/span>
    \n<\/span>Fun\u00e7\u00e3o de densidade do kernel: Fun\u00e7\u00e3o do kernel qu\u00e1rtico<\/span>
    \n<\/span>Tamanho da c\u00e9lula no mapa: 200 x 200 metros (4 hectares)<\/span>
    \n<\/span>Todo o resto foi deixado na configura\u00e7\u00e3o padr\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Os dados apresentados neste relat\u00f3rio s\u00e3o uma estimativa baseada em dados de alerta precoce gerados pelo Programa Nacional de Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o Florestal para a Mitiga\u00e7\u00e3o da Mudan\u00e7a Clim\u00e1tica do Minist\u00e9rio do Meio Ambiente do Peru (PNCB\/MINAM). Tamb\u00e9m analisamos alertas GLAD da Universidade de Maryland, obtidos do Global Forest Watch.<\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/div>\n

    Refer\u00eancias<\/b><\/h3>\n
      \n
    1. CIFOR 2016<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n
    2. GOREMAD 2016<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Planet Team (2017). Planet Application Program Interface: No espa\u00e7o para a vida na Terra. S\u00e3o Francisco, CA.\u00a0 <\/span>https:\/\/api.planet.com<\/span><\/a><\/h3>\n
      <\/div>\n

      Cita\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><\/h3>\n

      Finer M, Mamani N (2018) Pontos cr\u00edticos de desmatamento na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana, 2018. MAAP: 98.<\/span><\/p>\n

      <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Gra\u00e7as aos alertas de perda florestal de alerta precoce*, podemos fazer uma avalia\u00e7\u00e3o inicial dos pontos cr\u00edticos de desmatamento de 2018 na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana. O Mapa Base\u00a0 destaca os hotspots m\u00e9dios (amarelos) a altos ( vermelhos ). Neste contexto, os hotspots s\u00e3o as \u00e1reas com a maior densidade de alertas de perda florestal. Note que […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"ftr_agriculture":[364,366],"carbon-and-climate-change":[],"ftr_country":[400],"fire":[],"infrastructure-threat":[],"land-use":[],"mining-and-logging-threat":[459],"natural-forest-loss":[],"special-analysis":[464],"class_list":["post-23079","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nao-categorizado","ftr_agriculture-oleo-de-palma","ftr_agriculture-outras-plantacoes","ftr_country-peru","mining-and-logging-threat-mineracao-de-ouro","special-analysis-pontos-criticos-de-desmatamento"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMAAP #98: Pontos cr\u00edticos de desmatamento na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana, 2018 - MAAP<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.maapprogram.org\/pt-br\/maap-98-portugues\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MAAP #98: Pontos cr\u00edticos de desmatamento na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana, 2018 - MAAP\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Gra\u00e7as aos alertas de perda florestal de alerta precoce*, podemos fazer uma avalia\u00e7\u00e3o inicial dos pontos cr\u00edticos de desmatamento de 2018 na Amaz\u00f4nia peruana. O Mapa Base\u00a0 destaca os hotspots m\u00e9dios (amarelos) a altos ( vermelhos ). Neste contexto, os hotspots s\u00e3o as \u00e1reas com a maior densidade de alertas de perda florestal. 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